mineral

Tumbled carnelian agate

Carnelian, a reddish-orange variety of chalcedony (microcrystalline quartz, SiO₂)

AI-generated identification · may be incorrect

Typically Mohs 6.5–7; orange-brown, translucent, with a waxy to vitreous luster and no visible crystals. The smooth rounded surface suggests it has been tumbled and polished.

Identified September 30, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Typically Mohs 6.5–7; orange-brown, translucent, with a waxy to vitreous luster and no visible crystals. The smooth rounded surface suggests it has been tumbled and polished.

Formation & geological history

Forms as silica-rich chalcedony in cavities and veins, often in volcanic rocks; deposits range from ancient to geologically recent. Color commonly comes from iron oxides.

Uses & applications

Used for beads, cabochons, carvings, and decorative objects; historically valued for seals and jewelry.

Geological facts

Carnelian is a variety of chalcedony, not a separate mineral species; its color can deepen with heating.

Field identification & locations

Look for translucent orange-to-red color, waxy luster, and hardness sufficient to scratch glass. Common sources include India, Brazil, Uruguay, and Madagascar.