gemstone
Tumbled carnelian (likely)
Carnelian, a reddish-orange variety of chalcedony (microcrystalline quartz, SiO₂)
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectHardness 6.5–7 Mohs; translucent orange-red, waxy to vitreous luster, cryptocrystalline structure, and no visible cleavage. The smooth shape and polish indicate tumbling.
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Physical properties
Hardness 6.5–7 Mohs; translucent orange-red, waxy to vitreous luster, cryptocrystalline structure, and no visible cleavage. The smooth shape and polish indicate tumbling.
Formation & geological history
Silica-rich fluids deposited chalcedony in rock cavities; iron oxides color it red-orange. Such deposits occur in many ages and settings, including volcanic rocks and sedimentary formations.
Uses & applications
Used for beads, cabochons, carvings, and decorative objects; also collected as a tumbled stone.
Geological facts
Carnelian is a traditional gemstone used in seals and jewelry since antiquity.
Field identification & locations
Look for warm orange-to-red color, translucency at thin edges, and hardness sufficient to resist scratching by a steel knife. Common sources include India, Brazil, and Uruguay; exact identification from this image is uncertain.
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