Rock Identifier
Tumbled chalcedony/agate (likely iron-stained quartz) (Microcrystalline quartz, SiO₂; chalcedony with possible agate banding and iron-oxide inclusions) — mineral
mineral

Tumbled chalcedony/agate (likely iron-stained quartz)

Microcrystalline quartz, SiO₂; chalcedony with possible agate banding and iron-oxide inclusions

AI-generated identification · may be incorrect

Hardness 6.5–7 Mohs; translucent cream, orange, brown, and reddish colors with a waxy-to-glassy luster. It has a cryptocrystalline quartz structure, no obvious cleavage, conchoidal fracture, and typical specific gravity near 2.6; the rounded surface indicates tumbling or water wear.

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Physical properties

Hardness 6.5–7 Mohs; translucent cream, orange, brown, and reddish colors with a waxy-to-glassy luster. It has a cryptocrystalline quartz structure, no obvious cleavage, conchoidal fracture, and typical specific gravity near 2.6; the rounded surface indicates tumbling or water wear.

Formation & geological history

Forms when silica-rich groundwater fills cavities and fractures in volcanic rocks, depositing chalcedony and quartz in layers; orange-red coloration commonly comes from hematite or limonite. The specimen’s exact geological age and locality cannot be determined from the image.

Uses & applications

Used as a decorative stone, cabochon, bead, polishing material, and collector specimen; common quality has modest value.

Geological facts

Agate is a variety of chalcedony distinguished by visible color or texture banding, though this piece may be massive chalcedony rather than clearly banded agate.

Field identification & locations

Look for translucency, waxy luster, conchoidal edges, and hardness sufficient to scratch glass; it should not fizz in dilute acid. Common sources include Brazil, Uruguay, Mexico, India, Madagascar, and the western United States.