Rock Identifier
Tumbled chalcedony (likely yellow agate or citrine-like quartz) (Microcrystalline quartz, SiO₂; yellow coloration may result from iron oxides or inclusions) — mineral
mineral

Tumbled chalcedony (likely yellow agate or citrine-like quartz)

Microcrystalline quartz, SiO₂; yellow coloration may result from iron oxides or inclusions

AI-generated identification · may be incorrect

Hardness 6.5–7 Mohs; translucent yellow to gray, waxy-to-glassy luster, cryptocrystalline structure, and no visible cleavage. The rounded shape indicates tumbling or water wear.

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Physical properties

Hardness 6.5–7 Mohs; translucent yellow to gray, waxy-to-glassy luster, cryptocrystalline structure, and no visible cleavage. The rounded shape indicates tumbling or water wear.

Formation & geological history

Forms when silica-rich groundwater fills cavities and fractures in volcanic rock, precipitating microscopic quartz layers; coloration commonly develops from iron-bearing impurities. Deposits occur in many Cenozoic and older volcanic terrains.

Uses & applications

Used for cabochons, carvings, beads, decorative stones, and lapidary practice; ordinary pieces have modest ornamental value.

Geological facts

Chalcedony is quartz whose crystals are too small to see unaided; agate is a banded or patterned variety. A true citrine would generally show more transparent, crystalline quartz texture.

Field identification & locations

Identify by its hardness, waxy appearance, translucency, conchoidal fracture, and inability to scratch it with a steel knife; it should scratch glass. Common sources include Brazil, Uruguay, India, Mexico, and the United States.