Rock Identifier
Tumbled chalcedony/quartz (possibly agate) (Microcrystalline quartz, SiO₂; likely chalcedony with iron-oxide staining and minor druzy quartz) — mineral
mineral

Tumbled chalcedony/quartz (possibly agate)

Microcrystalline quartz, SiO₂; likely chalcedony with iron-oxide staining and minor druzy quartz

AI-generated identification · may be incorrect

Hardness about 6.5–7 Mohs; translucent brown, honey, cream, and gray-white; waxy to slightly vitreous luster; cryptocrystalline quartz with no obvious cleavage and conchoidal fracture. The rounded surface indicates tumbling or natural water wear.

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Physical properties

Hardness about 6.5–7 Mohs; translucent brown, honey, cream, and gray-white; waxy to slightly vitreous luster; cryptocrystalline quartz with no obvious cleavage and conchoidal fracture. The rounded surface indicates tumbling or natural water wear.

Formation & geological history

Forms when silica-rich groundwater fills cavities and fractures in volcanic rocks, precipitating chalcedony and quartz; iron oxides create the brown coloration. Precise geological age cannot be determined from the photograph; common examples range from Paleozoic to Cenozoic.

Uses & applications

Used as a lapidary stone, cabochon, carving material, and inexpensive collector specimen; attractive banding or druzy may increase jewelry value.

Geological facts

White patches may be druzy quartz, weathered crust, or attached mineral coating rather than agate banding. Chalcedony commonly fluoresces weakly under some ultraviolet wavelengths.

Field identification & locations

Identify by its glassy-to-waxy appearance, translucency, quartz hardness, lack of cleavage, and inability to scratch it with a steel knife; it should scratch glass. Common in volcanic terrains worldwide, including Brazil, Uruguay, Mexico, India, and the western United States.