mineral
Tumbled green stone, likely serpentine
Serpentine-group minerals, commonly antigorite or chrysotile; approximate composition Mg₃Si₂O₅(OH)₄
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectDark green, opaque, and waxy to dull with a smooth tumbled surface; Mohs hardness about 2.5–4, generally massive rather than visibly crystalline, with no obvious cleavage. The photograph is insufficient for definitive identification; nephrite jade, aventurine, or dyed stone are alternatives.
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Physical properties
Dark green, opaque, and waxy to dull with a smooth tumbled surface; Mohs hardness about 2.5–4, generally massive rather than visibly crystalline, with no obvious cleavage. The photograph is insufficient for definitive identification; nephrite jade, aventurine, or dyed stone are alternatives.
Formation & geological history
Serpentine forms when ultramafic rocks undergo hydrothermal alteration and hydration, commonly in ancient and modern plate-boundary settings. Individual specimens may range from Precambrian to much younger, depending on locality.
Uses & applications
Used as decorative stone, carvings, beads, and ornamental objects; some varieties are sold as “new jade.” Industrial serpentine has limited applications, while asbestos-bearing varieties require safety precautions.
Geological facts
Serpentine is a mineral group, not one single mineral, and its green color comes mainly from iron and crystal defects. Avoid cutting or abrading unknown material because some serpentine contains fibrous chrysotile asbestos.
Field identification & locations
Common in California, New Zealand, Italy, Canada, and tectonic belts worldwide; identify by green waxy appearance, low hardness, and unusually low density. A hardness test, streak, specific gravity, and laboratory analysis would distinguish it from jade.
