
mineral
Tumbled jasper (likely ocean jasper or brecciated jasper)
Microcrystalline quartz (chalcedony), SiO₂, with iron-oxide inclusions
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectHardness about 6.5–7 Mohs; opaque brown, reddish, black, and ochre coloration with earthy-to-waxy luster. Massive, non-cleaving, cryptocrystalline structure; rounded and polished by tumbling.
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Physical properties
Hardness about 6.5–7 Mohs; opaque brown, reddish, black, and ochre coloration with earthy-to-waxy luster. Massive, non-cleaving, cryptocrystalline structure; rounded and polished by tumbling.
Formation & geological history
Forms when silica-rich fluids replace or fill cavities in volcanic rocks, with iron and manganese oxides producing the dark and rusty patterns. Precise age and locality cannot be determined from the photograph; jasper commonly forms in volcanic terrains from Precambrian to younger rocks.
Uses & applications
Used for cabochons, beads, carvings, polished stones, and decorative objects; also collected as an ornamental lapidary material.
Geological facts
Jasper is a variety of opaque chalcedony rather than a single mineral species. The mottled appearance may also indicate brecciated jasper or iron-rich rhyolite.
Field identification & locations
Identify it by its opacity, curved conchoidal fracture, high polish, and resistance to scratching by a steel blade; it should not fizz in dilute acid. Common sources include Madagascar, Oregon, Utah, Brazil, and Australia.
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