mineral

Tumbled jasper

Microcrystalline quartz (SiO₂), colored by iron oxides and other impurities

AI-generated identification · may be incorrect

Typically Mohs hardness 6.5–7, opaque, reddish-brown to mustard-brown, with a waxy to glassy luster and no visible cleavage; the rounded shape indicates tumbling and polishing.

Identified August 26, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Typically Mohs hardness 6.5–7, opaque, reddish-brown to mustard-brown, with a waxy to glassy luster and no visible cleavage; the rounded shape indicates tumbling and polishing.

Formation & geological history

Jasper forms when silica-rich groundwater fills cavities or replaces volcanic or sedimentary material, with iron producing the brown-red coloration. Most specimens formed in ancient volcanic or sedimentary environments, commonly over millions of years.

Uses & applications

Used for ornamental objects, cabochons, beads, carvings, and inexpensive lapidary material; polished pieces are popular among collectors.

Geological facts

Jasper is a variety of opaque chalcedony or microcrystalline quartz, not a single mineral species. Color and patterns depend strongly on iron, manganese, clay, and other inclusions.

Field identification & locations

Identify it by its opaque earthy color, fine-grained texture, quartz-like hardness, and inability to scratch with a steel knife easily; common sources include India, Madagascar, Brazil, Australia, and the western United States. A definitive identification may require hardness, streak, or microscopic testing.