mineral
Tumbled milky quartz pebble
Quartz, silicon dioxide (SiO₂)
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectUsually white to translucent with a vitreous-to-waxy luster; Mohs hardness 7, no cleavage, conchoidal fracture, and trigonal crystal structure. The rounded form indicates tumbling or natural water abrasion.
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Physical properties
Usually white to translucent with a vitreous-to-waxy luster; Mohs hardness 7, no cleavage, conchoidal fracture, and trigonal crystal structure. The rounded form indicates tumbling or natural water abrasion.
Formation & geological history
Forms when silica-rich fluids crystallize in igneous, metamorphic, or sedimentary environments; commonly inherited from granite, pegmatite, and quartz veins. Quartz is widespread from Precambrian to modern geological ages.
Uses & applications
Used for decorative stones, lapidary work, landscaping, countertops, glass, ceramics, and electronics; attractive translucent pieces are inexpensive jewelry or craft material.
Geological facts
Milky appearance results from microscopic fluid inclusions, fractures, or mineral impurities scattering light. Quartz is one of Earth’s most abundant and chemically resistant minerals.
Field identification & locations
Identify by hardness—quartz can scratch ordinary glass and is not scratched by a steel knife—plus its lack of cleavage and pale translucence. Common worldwide, especially in river gravels and quartz veins.
