mineral
Tumbled orange-and-white chalcedony
Chalcedony, microcrystalline quartz (SiO₂), likely orange carnelian/white agate variety
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectMohs hardness 6.5–7; waxy to vitreous luster; translucent orange, cream, and white coloration; cryptocrystalline quartz with no visible cleavage and conchoidal fracture. The smooth rounded surface indicates tumbling and polishing.
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Physical properties
Mohs hardness 6.5–7; waxy to vitreous luster; translucent orange, cream, and white coloration; cryptocrystalline quartz with no visible cleavage and conchoidal fracture. The smooth rounded surface indicates tumbling and polishing.
Formation & geological history
Forms when silica-rich groundwater fills cavities and fractures in volcanic rocks, commonly during the Cenozoic or older geologic episodes. Orange color typically comes from iron-oxide inclusions or staining.
Uses & applications
Used for beads, cabochons, carvings, ornaments, and inexpensive jewelry; also popular as a lapidary and décor stone.
Geological facts
Carnelian is orange chalcedony, while agate is banded or variably patterned chalcedony; this specimen appears more mottled than distinctly banded.
Field identification & locations
Common sources include Brazil, Uruguay, India, Madagascar, Botswana, and the United States. Identify it by its hardness, waxy appearance, translucent silica body, and resistance to scratching by steel; dyeing or heat treatment is possible.
