Rock Identifier
Tumbled orange-and-white chalcedony (likely carnelian or orange agate) (Microcrystalline quartz, SiO₂; chalcedony variety, possibly iron-colored carnelian) — mineral
mineral

Tumbled orange-and-white chalcedony (likely carnelian or orange agate)

Microcrystalline quartz, SiO₂; chalcedony variety, possibly iron-colored carnelian

AI-generated identification · may be incorrect

Mohs hardness 6.5–7; waxy to vitreous luster, translucent orange and cream bands, cryptocrystalline quartz, no visible cleavage, specific gravity about 2.60. Its rounded shape and glossy surface indicate mechanical tumbling and polishing.

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Physical properties

Mohs hardness 6.5–7; waxy to vitreous luster, translucent orange and cream bands, cryptocrystalline quartz, no visible cleavage, specific gravity about 2.60. Its rounded shape and glossy surface indicate mechanical tumbling and polishing.

Formation & geological history

Silica-rich groundwater deposited microscopic quartz in cavities and fractures, with iron oxides producing the orange-red color; formation can range from Paleozoic to Cenozoic depending on source locality. The exact geological age cannot be determined from the image.

Uses & applications

Used for beads, cabochons, carvings, ornaments, and inexpensive collectible specimens; durable enough for some jewelry but less valuable than transparent gem quartz.

Geological facts

Carnelian is orange-red chalcedony, while agate generally shows distinct curved or parallel banding; this specimen appears weakly banded or color-zoned, so “orange chalcedony” is safest.

Field identification & locations

Common in volcanic-rock cavities and alluvial gravels, especially in Brazil, Uruguay, India, Madagascar, and the United States. Identify with its waxy translucence, hardness, conchoidal fracture, and lack of fizz in dilute acid; glass imitations may show bubbles.