gemstone

Tumbled orange chalcedony (likely carnelian)

Carnelian, a microcrystalline variety of quartz (SiO₂), colored mainly by iron oxides

AI-generated identification · may be incorrect

Mohs hardness 6.5–7; orange to reddish-orange, translucent to opaque, with a waxy-to-glassy luster and no visible cleavage. It has a trigonal quartz structure and typically conchoidal fracture; the smooth shape indicates tumbling or water wear.

Identified August 19, 2026More gemstone →

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Physical properties

Formation & geological history

Forms when silica-rich groundwater fills cavities and fractures in volcanic rocks, later acquiring orange color through iron oxidation; commonly Cenozoic to older, depending on host rock. This specimen appears polished/tumbled rather than naturally exposed.

Uses & applications

Used for beads, cabochons, carvings, and inexpensive jewelry; also popular as a lapidary and meditation stone. It is durable enough for everyday ornamental use.

Geological facts

Carnelian is traditionally associated with vitality and protection, and was widely used for ancient seals and signet rings. Stronger red-orange color and translucency generally increase desirability.

Field identification & locations

Identify by its orange color, fine-grained texture, hardness, waxy luster, and conchoidal fracture; it should resist scratching by a steel knife but not by quartz. Common sources include India, Brazil, Uruguay, Madagascar, and Germany.