mineral
Tumbled turquoise-bearing rock
Turquoise, CuAl₆(PO₄)₄(OH)₈·4H₂O, likely in a host rock such as limonite or silica
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectBlue-green, opaque, waxy to dull luster with dark matrix veining; Mohs hardness 5–6, triclinic crystal system, and no prominent cleavage. The rounded shape indicates tumbling or natural abrasion.
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Physical properties
Blue-green, opaque, waxy to dull luster with dark matrix veining; Mohs hardness 5–6, triclinic crystal system, and no prominent cleavage. The rounded shape indicates tumbling or natural abrasion.
Formation & geological history
Turquoise forms as a secondary copper–aluminum phosphate in arid, oxidized zones of copper deposits, commonly replacing or filling fractures in host rock. It is generally geologically young, forming during weathering near Earth’s surface.
Uses & applications
Used as a cabochon gemstone, beads, carvings, and ornamental inlay; quality depends on color, matrix pattern, hardness, and treatment. Lower-grade material is often sold as polished specimens.
Geological facts
The intense blue-green color results mainly from copper, while iron can shift it toward green. The image may also show chrysocolla or another copper mineral, so laboratory testing is needed for definitive identification.
Field identification & locations
Look for opaque blue-green color, waxy texture, low-to-moderate hardness, and copper-mineral matrix; avoid prolonged water, heat, and chemicals. Major sources include Iran, Arizona, Nevada, China, and Mexico.
