Rock Identifier
Tumbled turquoise (probable) (Turquoise, hydrated copper aluminum phosphate — CuAl₆(PO₄)₄(OH)₈·4H₂O) — mineral
mineral

Tumbled turquoise (probable)

Turquoise, hydrated copper aluminum phosphate — CuAl₆(PO₄)₄(OH)₈·4H₂O

AI-generated identification · may be incorrect

Blue-green, opaque, typically waxy to dull luster; Mohs hardness 5–6, cryptocrystalline structure, no visible cleavage, specific gravity about 2.6–2.8. The specimen appears tumbled and may contain matrix or surface treatment; exact identification from an image is uncertain.

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Physical properties

Blue-green, opaque, typically waxy to dull luster; Mohs hardness 5–6, cryptocrystalline structure, no visible cleavage, specific gravity about 2.6–2.8. The specimen appears tumbled and may contain matrix or surface treatment; exact identification from an image is uncertain.

Formation & geological history

Forms as a secondary mineral in arid, oxidized copper deposits, commonly replacing aluminous or phosphate-bearing host rock. Deposits range from relatively young weathering zones to geologically ancient mineralized terrains.

Uses & applications

Used for beads, cabochons, carvings, and ornamental objects; historically important in Native American and Middle Eastern jewelry. Lower-grade material is also stabilized with resin or reconstructed for commercial use.

Geological facts

Natural turquoise commonly shows brown, black, or golden matrix veining and can resemble dyed howlite or magnesite. Color may fade or change with heat, chemicals, oils, and prolonged sunlight.

Field identification & locations

Typical clues are blue-green color, opaque waxy appearance, low-to-moderate hardness, and a porous feel; a scratch, density, and magnification test help distinguish it from imitations. Important localities include Iran, Arizona and Nevada, China, Mexico, and Chile.