mineral

Tumbled turquoise

Turquoise, CuAl₆(PO₄)₄(OH)₈·4H₂O

AI-generated identification · may be incorrect

Blue to blue-green, opaque, waxy to subvitreous luster, commonly with dark brown/black matrix veining. Mohs hardness 5–6; triclinic phosphate mineral, usually cryptocrystalline rather than showing visible crystals; specific gravity about 2.6–2.8.

Identified September 6, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Formation & geological history

Forms as a secondary copper-aluminum phosphate in arid, oxidized zones of copper deposits, commonly replacing host rock. Most deposits are Cenozoic or younger, though turquoise-forming systems occur in several geological ages.

Uses & applications

Used as a gemstone in cabochons, beads, carvings, and tumbled stones; also valued decoratively and historically in jewelry. The specimen appears polished or tumbled.

Geological facts

The vivid blue color comes mainly from copper, while iron can shift it toward green; dark veining is host-rock matrix. The image could also represent dyed howlite or magnesite, which are common turquoise imitations.

Field identification & locations

Identify genuine turquoise by its opaque blue-green color, relatively low hardness, waxy surface, and natural matrix; avoid prolonged soaking, chemicals, heat, and ultrasonic cleaning. Major sources include Arizona, Nevada, Iran, China, Mexico, and Tibet.