mineral

Tumbled turquoise

Turquoise, CuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8·4H2O

AI-generated identification · may be incorrect

Blue-green, opaque, waxy-to-subvitreous luster, commonly with brown or dark matrix; Mohs hardness 5–6, triclinic crystal system, poor cleavage, specific gravity about 2.6–2.9. The rounded surface indicates tumbling and polishing.

Identified August 31, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Formation & geological history

A hydrated copper-aluminum phosphate formed mainly in arid regions by groundwater alteration of aluminum- and copper-bearing rocks, typically in the Cenozoic near-surface oxidation zone. Exact locality and age cannot be determined from the image.

Uses & applications

Used for cabochons, beads, carvings, and collectible specimens; historically important in Southwest Native American jewelry. Quality depends on color, matrix pattern, hardness, and provenance.

Geological facts

The vivid blue-green color comes primarily from copper, while iron may shift it toward green and matrix creates webbing or patches. Some commercial material sold as turquoise is stabilized with resin or may be a look-alike such as howlite or dyed magnesite.

Field identification & locations

Identify by its opaque blue-green color, relatively low hardness, waxy feel, and natural matrix; avoid prolonged soaking, chemicals, heat, and ultrasonic cleaning. Major sources include Iran, the southwestern United States, China, Mexico, and Chile.