mineral
Turquoise in Matrix
Hydrated copper aluminum phosphate, CuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8·4H2O
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectHardness: 5-6 on the Mohs scale. Color: Shades of green, blue-green, and sky blue with dark host rock (matrix) inclusions. Luster: Waxy to sub-vitreous. Crystal Structure: Triclinic. Cleavage: Perfect in one direction, good in another, but rarely seen. Specific Gravity: 2.60-2.85.
- Hardness
- 5-6 on the Mohs scale
- Luster
- Waxy to sub-vitreous
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Physical properties
Hardness: 5-6 on the Mohs scale. Color: Shades of green, blue-green, and sky blue with dark host rock (matrix) inclusions. Luster: Waxy to sub-vitreous. Crystal Structure: Triclinic. Cleavage: Perfect in one direction, good in another, but rarely seen. Specific Gravity: 2.60-2.85.
Formation & geological history
Formed by the chemical action of descending acidic aqueous solutions during the weathering and oxidation of pre-existing copper deposits, typically in arid climates.
Uses & applications
Widely used in jewelry making, ornamental carvings, and inlay work.
Geological facts
Turquoise is one of the world's most ancient gem materials, prized by ancient civilizations including the Egyptians, Persians, and Native Americans for thousands of years as a stone of protection and healing.
Field identification & locations
Found in arid regions where copper is abundant, notably in the southwestern United States, Iran, China, and the Sinai Peninsula. Collectors value turquoise based on color intensity, absence of webbing (or attractive spiderweb patterns), and natural un-stabilized state.
