mineral

Turquoise (small rough fragment)

Turquoise, hydrous copper aluminum phosphate: CuAl₆(PO₄)₄(OH)₈·4H₂O

AI-generated identification · may be incorrect

Opaque sky-blue to blue-green, with a dull to waxy luster; Mohs hardness 5–6, triclinic crystal system, and no prominent cleavage. The photo shows a small fragment; matrix and other diagnostic features are not visible.

Identified October 11, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Formation & geological history

Forms as a secondary mineral when copper-bearing rocks weather in phosphate-rich, arid environments, commonly in veins and nodules. Deposits span a wide range of geological ages; age cannot be determined from this image.

Uses & applications

Cut and polished for jewelry and ornamental objects; also collected as a mineral specimen.

Geological facts

Turquoise’s vivid blue color comes chiefly from copper, while iron can contribute green tones. It has been valued in jewelry and cultural objects for millennia.

Field identification & locations

Look for opaque blue-green color, waxy appearance, and relatively low hardness; color alone cannot confirm identity, and dyed imitations are common. Major sources include Iran, the southwestern United States, China, and Mexico.