mineral
Turquoise
CuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8·4H2O
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectHardness of 5-6 on the Mohs scale, vibrant blue to green color, waxy to sub-vitreous luster, and a triclinic crystal system with perfect to good cleavage.
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Physical properties
Hardness of 5-6 on the Mohs scale, vibrant blue to green color, waxy to sub-vitreous luster, and a triclinic crystal system with perfect to good cleavage.
Formation & geological history
Forms through the chemical action of percolating acidic aqueous solutions during the weathering and oxidation of pre-existing copper-bearing minerals in arid climates.
Uses & applications
Extensively used as a gemstone in jewelry, decorative carvings, and ornamental inlays since ancient times.
Geological facts
Turquoise is one of the oldest gemstones in history, prized by ancient civilizations including the Egyptians and Native Americans as a protective talisman.
Field identification & locations
Easily identified by its characteristic robins-egg blue color and dark web-like matrix veins; commonly found in the southwestern United States, Iran, and China.
