mineral
Turquoise
Copper aluminum phosphate hydroxide, CuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8·4H2O
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectMohs hardness of 5-6, distinctive robin's-egg blue to green color, waxy to sub-vitreous luster, and triclinic crystal system.
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Physical properties
Mohs hardness of 5-6, distinctive robin's-egg blue to green color, waxy to sub-vitreous luster, and triclinic crystal system.
Formation & geological history
Forms through the weathering and oxidation of pre-existing copper-bearing minerals in arid climates, typically over millions of years.
Uses & applications
Extensively used in jewelry making, ornamental carvings, and historical talismans across various ancient civilizations.
Geological facts
Turquoise is one of the oldest gemstones in history, prized by ancient Egyptians and Native Americans for sacred and decorative purposes.
Field identification & locations
Easily identified by its unique blue-green coloration and web-like matrix patterns; found globally in arid regions like the southwestern United States and Iran.
