mineral
Turquoise
CuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8·4H2O
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectHardness: 5-6 on the Mohs scale. Color: Bright blue to bluish-green, often with dark webbed veins (matrix). Luster: Waxy to subvitreous. Crystal structure: Triclinic. Cleavage: Perfect in one direction, good in another, but rarely seen. Specific gravity: 2.60-2.85.
- Hardness
- 5-6 on the Mohs scale
- Luster
- Waxy to subvitreous
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Physical properties
Hardness: 5-6 on the Mohs scale. Color: Bright blue to bluish-green, often with dark webbed veins (matrix). Luster: Waxy to subvitreous. Crystal structure: Triclinic. Cleavage: Perfect in one direction, good in another, but rarely seen. Specific gravity: 2.60-2.85.
Formation & geological history
Formed by the chemical action of percolating acidic aqueous solutions during the weathering and oxidation of pre-existing copper-bearing minerals, typically in arid climates.
Uses & applications
Widely used as a gemstone in jewelry, decorative carvings, and inlay work.
Geological facts
Turquoise is one of the world's most ancient gemstones, prized by the ancient Egyptians, Persians, and Native Americans for thousands of years as a symbol of protection, wealth, and good fortune.
Field identification & locations
Easily identified by its distinct robin's egg blue or greenish-blue color and matrix webbing. Commonly found in the southwestern United States, Iran, China, and Sinai.
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