mineral
Turquoise
CuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8·4H2O
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectHardness of 5-6 on the Mohs scale, distinct robin's egg blue to greenish-blue color, waxy to sub-vitreous luster, and triclinic crystal system.
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Physical properties
Hardness of 5-6 on the Mohs scale, distinct robin's egg blue to greenish-blue color, waxy to sub-vitreous luster, and triclinic crystal system.
Formation & geological history
Formed by the weathering and oxidation of pre-existing copper-bearing minerals in arid regions, typically through descending meteoric waters reacting with aluminum-rich rocks.
Uses & applications
Extensively used in high-end jewelry, decorative arts, and inlay work, with high historical and cultural significance among indigenous peoples.
Geological facts
Turquoise is one of the oldest gemstones in history, prized by ancient civilizations including the Egyptians and Native Americans for amulets and trade.
Field identification & locations
Identified easily by its unique blue-green coloration and association with copper deposits; commonly found in the southwestern United States, Iran, and China.
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