mineral
Turquoise
CuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8·4H2O
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectMohs hardness of 5 to 6; distinct robin's-egg blue, blue-green, or green color; waxy to sub-vitreous luster; triclinic crystal system; specific gravity of 2.60 to 2.90
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Physical properties
Mohs hardness of 5 to 6; distinct robin's-egg blue, blue-green, or green color; waxy to sub-vitreous luster; triclinic crystal system; specific gravity of 2.60 to 2.90
Formation & geological history
Forms by the action of meteoric waters percolating through copper-bearing rocks during periods of intense weathering and oxidation in arid climates
Uses & applications
Widely used as a gemstone in jewelry, inlay work, carvings, and ornamental objects
Geological facts
Turquoise is one of the world's most ancient gemstones, prized by the ancient Egyptians, Persians, and Native Americans for thousands of years as a stone of protection and status
Field identification & locations
Identified by its characteristic bright blue-to-green color and waxy luster, commonly found in arid regions such as the southwestern United States, Iran, China, and Sinai
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Gneiss or Mica Schist with Garnet
Metamorphic
Sandstone (with potential mineral staining/concretions)
Arenite (SiO2 based)
sedimentary
Epidote
Epidote | Ca2(Al2,Fe3+)(SiO4)(Si2O7)O(OH)
metamorphic
Pegmatite with Tourmaline and Quartz
Igneous Pegmatite
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Granite
Granite (Phaneritic intrusive igneous rock)
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Septarian Pebble
Septarian nodule / Concretion
sedimentary