igneous
Granite
Granite (Phaneritic igneous rock)
Hardness (Mohs): 6-7; Color: Salt and pepper/pinkish gray; Luster: Vitreous to dull; Crystal structure: Phaneritic (large, visible crystals); Composition: Quartz, Feldspar, and Mica/Amphibole.
- Color
- Salt and pepper/pinkish gray
- Luster
- Vitreous to dull
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Physical properties
Hardness (Mohs): 6-7; Color: Salt and pepper/pinkish gray; Luster: Vitreous to dull; Crystal structure: Phaneritic (large, visible crystals); Composition: Quartz, Feldspar, and Mica/Amphibole.
Formation & geological history
Formed from the slow subterranean cooling of silicic magma. It is a major component of continental crust, often dating back to the Precambrian or later tectonic events.
Uses & applications
Widely used in construction, flooring, decorative countertops, and monumental sculpture due to its durability and resistance to weathering.
Geological facts
Granite makes up a large part of the Earth's continental crust and is unique to planets with plate tectonics; the pyramids of Egypt and Mount Rushmore are made of granite.
Field identification & locations
Identify by visible interlocking grains of translucent quartz and opaque feldspar. Commonly found in batholiths and mountain ranges. Collectors look for unique color variants caused by trace minerals.
