mineral

Vanadinite

Pb5(VO4)3Cl

Hardness: 3-4 on the Mohs scale; Color: Bright red, orange-red, brownish-red, yellow; Luster: Resinous to adamantine; Crystal Structure: Hexagonal, often forming distinct prismatic crystals or globular clusters; Cleavage: None distinct; Specific Gravity: 6.8-7.1

Hardness: 3-4 on the Mohs scale
Color: Bright red, orange-red, brownish-red, yellow
Luster: Resinous to adamantine

Identified July 30, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Formation & geological history

Forms as a secondary mineral in the oxidized zones of lead ore deposits, typically through the alteration of primary lead minerals like galena in arid climates.

Uses & applications

Primary source of the metal vanadium, used in specialty steel alloys; highly sought after by mineral collectors for its vibrant color and distinct crystal habit.

Geological facts

Vanadinite belongs to the apatite group of phosphates and arsenates, though it is a vanadate. Because of its high lead content, it is very dense and should be handled with care.

Field identification & locations

Easily identified by its striking reddish-orange color, hexagonal crystal shape, and high density. Commonly found in Mibladen, Morocco, and various localities in the American Southwest.