mineral
Variscite
Variscite (AlPO4·2H2O)
Hardness of 3.5 to 4.5 on the Mohs scale, typically pale green, bluish-green, or emerald green with brown or white matrix/webbing, vitreous to waxy luster, orthorhombic crystal system, and specific gravity around 2.5
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Physical properties
Hardness of 3.5 to 4.5 on the Mohs scale, typically pale green, bluish-green, or emerald green with brown or white matrix/webbing, vitreous to waxy luster, orthorhombic crystal system, and specific gravity around 2.5
Formation & geological history
Formed as a secondary mineral through the direct deposition of phosphate-bearing water reacting with aluminum-rich rocks, typically in weathering or low-temperature hydrothermal environments
Uses & applications
Commonly used as a gemstone, for ornamental carvings, and highly sought after by mineral collectors and lapidaries
Geological facts
Variscite is often confused with turquoise due to its similar green-to-blue coloration and matrix patterns, but it contains aluminum phosphate rather than copper and aluminum phosphate
Field identification & locations
Identified in the field by its distinct green color often veined with spiderweb patterns of brown rock matrix; found in localities such as Utah, Nevada, and parts of Europe
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