igneous
Vesicular Basalt
Extrusive mafic igneous rock
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectHardness of 6 on the Mohs scale, dark gray to black color, dull luster, fine-grained aphanitic crystal structure with distinct vesicular cavities.
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Physical properties
Hardness of 6 on the Mohs scale, dark gray to black color, dull luster, fine-grained aphanitic crystal structure with distinct vesicular cavities.
Formation & geological history
Formed from rapidly cooling gas-rich mafic lava extruded on the Earth's surface, trapping gas bubbles as it solidifies.
Uses & applications
Used in construction aggregates, landscaping, filtration media, and lightweight concrete manufacturing.
Geological facts
The distinctive holes, called vesicles, are left behind by escaping gas bubbles as the molten lava cools into solid rock.
Field identification & locations
Easily identified by its dark, heavy composition and characteristic pitted, sponge-like surface texture; common in volcanic regions worldwide.
