igneous
Granite
Phaneritic Igneous Rock (primarily Quartz, Feldspar, and Mica)
Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale. Color: Salt-and-pepper appearance with white/grey quartz, pink/white feldspar, and dark micas. Luster: Dull to vitreous. Crystal structure: Phaneritic (visible crystals).
- Hardness
- 6-7 on Mohs scale
- Luster
- Dull to vitreous
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale. Color: Salt-and-pepper appearance with white/grey quartz, pink/white feldspar, and dark micas. Luster: Dull to vitreous. Crystal structure: Phaneritic (visible crystals).
Formation & geological history
Formed from the slow crystallization of silica-rich magma deep underground. This slow cooling allows large, visible mineral crystals to grow. Most granites date from various eons ranging from the Archean to the Cenozoic.
Uses & applications
Extensively used in construction for countertops, floor tiles, paving stones, and monuments due to its extreme durability and resistance to weathering.
Geological facts
Granite makes up a significant portion of the Earth’s continental crust. It is one of the hardest natural stones and is famous for forming iconic landscapes like Yosemite’s El Capitan.
Field identification & locations
Identify in the field by its speckled, coarse-grained texture where individual mineral grains are visible to the naked eye. It is commonly found in mountainous regions or areas with exposed continental shields.
