mineral
White Quartz
Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectHardness: 7 (Mohs scale); Color: White, milky, or colorless; Luster: Vitreous to greasy; Crystal structure: Trigonal/Hexagonal; Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture); Specific Gravity: 2.65
- Hardness
- 7 (Mohs scale)
- Color
- White, milky, or colorless
- Luster
- Vitreous to greasy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 7 (Mohs scale); Color: White, milky, or colorless; Luster: Vitreous to greasy; Crystal structure: Trigonal/Hexagonal; Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture); Specific Gravity: 2.65
Formation & geological history
Forms in igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary environments. Most commonly crystallizes from cooling magma or precipitates from hydrothermal veins. It is found in earth's crust across all geological ages.
Uses & applications
Used in glassmaking, electronics (piezoelectric properties), abrasives, construction aggregate, and as semi-precious gemstones in jewelry.
Geological facts
Quartz is the second most abundant mineral in Earth's continental crust. 'Milky quartz' gets its white color from tiny fluid inclusions of gas or liquid trapped during crystal growth.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its hardness (it will scratch glass and steel), lack of cleavage, and waxy/glassy appearance. It is ubiquitous in mountainous regions and riverbeds worldwide.
