mineral

White Quartz

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Hardness of 7 on the Mohs scale, white to translucent color, vitreous to greasy luster, trigonal crystal system, conchoidal fracture with no true cleavage, specific gravity of 2.65.

Identified July 30, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Hardness of 7 on the Mohs scale, white to translucent color, vitreous to greasy luster, trigonal crystal system, conchoidal fracture with no true cleavage, specific gravity of 2.65.

Formation & geological history

Forms in a wide variety of geological environments including igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary rocks, commonly crystallizing from silica-rich hydrothermal solutions and magma.

Uses & applications

Used in glassmaking, electronics, oscillators, abrasives, gemstones, and ornamental carvings.

Geological facts

Quartz is the second most abundant mineral in Earth's continental crust, following feldspar. It exhibits piezoelectric properties, meaning it generates an electrical charge when mechanical stress is applied.

Field identification & locations

Easily identified by its high hardness (scratches glass), lack of cleavage, and conchoidal fracture. Found globally in almost every geological setting, especially in pegmatites, veins, and as sand in beaches and rivers.