igneous
Granite
Intrusive Igneous Rock (Granitic)
Hardness: 6-7 Mohs; Color: Pink, grey, and white; Luster: Vitreous to dull; Crystal structure: Phaneritic (coarse-grained); Cleavage: Indistinct in bulk, but feldspar grains show two planes
- Hardness
- 6-7 Mohs
- Color
- Pink, grey, and white
- Luster
- Vitreous to dull
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 Mohs; Color: Pink, grey, and white; Luster: Vitreous to dull; Crystal structure: Phaneritic (coarse-grained); Cleavage: Indistinct in bulk, but feldspar grains show two planes
Formation & geological history
Formed through the slow crystallization of magma below Earth's surface. High in silica and alkali metal oxides. Commonly formed in continental crust during mountain-building events.
Uses & applications
Extensively used in construction for countertops, floor tiles, paving stones, curbing, and monuments due to its durability and aesthetic appeal.
Geological facts
Granite makes up a large portion of the Earth's continental crust. Iconic landforms like Yosemite's Half Dome and Mount Rushmore are made of granite.
Field identification & locations
Identified by its salt-and-pepper or multicolored speckled appearance with visible crystal grains of quartz, feldspar, and mica. Found globally in mountainous regions and shield areas.
