mineral

Yellow Chalcedony (Carnelian / Agate Pebbles)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Hardness: 6.5-7 on Mohs scale. Color: Honey-yellow, yellowish-brown, translucent orange-yellow. Luster: Waxy to vitreous when polished. Crystal structure: Trigonal (microcrystalline/cryptocrystalline). Cleavage: None, exhibits conchoidal fracture. Specific gravity: 2.58-2.64.

Hardness: 6
Color: Honey-yellow, yellowish-brown, translucent orange-yellow
Luster: Waxy to vitreous when polished

Identified July 27, 2026More mineral →

Explore Yellow Chalcedony (Carnelian / Agate Pebbles) in the encyclopedia →

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Physical properties

Formation & geological history

Formed through the deposition of microcrystalline silica from aqueous solution in cavities, veins, and fractures of volcanic rocks or sedimentary environments.

Uses & applications

Commonly used for tumbling, gemstone carving, beads, cabochons, wire-wrapped jewelry, and decorative rock collecting.

Geological facts

Microcrystalline quartz varieties like chalcedony, agate, and carnelian have been used since antiquity for seals, intaglios, and protective amulets due to their hardness and smooth polish.

Field identification & locations

Identify by its waxy luster, smooth wet or polished finish, lack of visible crystalline grains, and hardness capable of scratching glass. Found globally, especially in river beds, gravel pits, and basalt deposits in Brazil, Madagascar, India, and the USA.

Other mineral specimens

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Sandstone (with potential mineral staining/concretions)

Arenite (SiO2 based)

sedimentary

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Schist

Metamorphic

Septarian Pebble

Septarian nodule / Concretion

sedimentary

Potassium Feldspar (Orthoclase)

Orthoclase (KAlSi3O8)

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