mineral
Yellow Quartz (Citrine Quartz / Milky Quartz)
Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)
Hardness of 7 on the Mohs scale, waxy to vitreous luster, hexagonal crystal structure (microcrystalline/cryptocrystalline to macrocrystalline), yellowish-beige to milky color, shell-like (conchoidal) fracture, and no true cleavage.
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Physical properties
Hardness of 7 on the Mohs scale, waxy to vitreous luster, hexagonal crystal structure (microcrystalline/cryptocrystalline to macrocrystalline), yellowish-beige to milky color, shell-like (conchoidal) fracture, and no true cleavage.
Formation & geological history
Formed via hydrothermal processes in veins within igneous and metamorphic rocks, or as sedimentary gravels after erosion and transport.
Uses & applications
Used primarily for lapidary work, decorative carving, crystal collecting, and lower-grade gem material.
Geological facts
Quartz is the second most abundant mineral in the Earth's continental crust. Yellow coloration in natural quartz is often caused by trace iron inclusions or sub-microscopic structural defects.
Field identification & locations
Look for a hardness of 7 (will easily scratch glass and steel knife blades), a waxy or glassy luster, and a distinct lack of cleavage with conchoidal fracturing. Found widely across stream beds, pegmatites, and gravel deposits globally.
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