Anthropogenic (Man Made Industrial Deposit)

Tumbled milky quartz

Quartz, silicon dioxide (SiO₂)

Quartz (Iron-stained)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Weathered iron-rich rock, possibly limonite/goethite-bearing material

Limonite (hydrated iron oxides; commonly mixtures of goethite, hematite, and lepidocrocite)

Diamond in Kimberlite

Diamond (C in Kimberlite Matrix)

Agate

Cryptocrystalline Quartz (SiO2)

Small dark mineral or rock fragment

Indeterminate; possibly mica-rich schist, biotite, or a dark sulfide mineral

Grey Agate (Tumbled)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Quartz (Field Stone)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Quartzite

Quartzite (SiO2)

Black tourmaline (schorl), likely in a crystal aggregate

Schorl, NaFe3Al6(BO3)3Si6O18(OH)4

Native copper-bearing rock (probable copper ore)

Native copper (Cu), likely with cuprite (Cu₂O), malachite (Cu₂CO₃(OH)₂), and iron-oxide matrix

Pumice

Pumice (Vesicular volcanic glass)

Quartz Pebble

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Desert Rose (Gypsum)

Gypsum (Calcium Sulfate Dihydrate) - CaSO4·2H2O

Fossilized wood, likely silicified petrified wood

Silicified wood (fossil wood; commonly quartz/chalcedony replacing organic tissue)

Ruby (set in a ring)

Corundum, Al₂O₃, colored red by chromium; the pictured stone may be synthetic or imitation, which cannot be confirmed from the photo.

Turquoise

Turquoise, CuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8·4H2O

Banded agate

Chalcedony, microcrystalline SiO₂

Vesicular basalt (possibly slag-contaminated)

Basalt; chiefly plagioclase and pyroxene, with possible olivine and secondary minerals

Tumbled cream-colored pebble

Likely quartz-rich sandstone or limestone; exact identification requires testing

Likely blue calcite

Calcite, CaCO₃

Green aventurine (likely)

Quartz variety; silicon dioxide (SiO₂), commonly colored by fuchsite mica or other inclusions

Chert (Flint)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) - Microcrystalline Quartz

Slag (Industrial Glassy Byproduct)

Ferro-silicate Slag

Tumbled copper-bearing rock, likely chrysocolla-bearing basalt or copper ore

Chrysocolla (hydrated copper phyllosilicate, approximately Cu₂H₂Si₂O₅(OH)₄·nH₂O) in a dark volcanic host

Chrysocolla-bearing copper ore

Chrysocolla (hydrated copper aluminosilicate), likely with malachite, azurite, or limonite

Tumbled sodalite with white calcite veining

Sodalite, Na8(Al6Si6O24)Cl2, commonly intergrown with calcite, CaCO3

Pale green aventurine (likely quartz) sphere

Quartz, SiO₂; possibly pale green aventurine, with color from inclusions or treatment

Chert (Flint)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Sodalite

Sodalite (Na8(Al6Si6O24)Cl2)

Diamond

Carbon (C)

Sea Glass (Teal/Turquoise)

Amorphous Silica (SiO2) with trace metal oxides

Sea Glass (Turquoise/Aqua)

Amorphous Silica (SiO2) with transition metal dopants

Chrysocolla-rich copper ore (probable chrysocolla with malachite)

Chrysocolla, hydrated copper aluminosilicate, approximately (Cu,Al)₂H₂Si₂O₅(OH)₄·nH₂O; possible associated malachite, Cu₂CO₃(OH)₂

Quartzite

Quartzite (primarily SiO2)

Quartz Cobble

Quartz (Silicon Dioxide, SiO2)

Rounded pale pebble, likely quartz-rich stone

Indeterminate; possibly quartzite, quartz-bearing granite, or calcite-rich limestone

Tumbled jasper, likely picture jasper or brecciated jasper

Microcrystalline quartz (SiO₂), chiefly chalcedony with iron-oxide pigments

Fossilized bone fragment, possibly mammalian long bone

Mineralized bone (commonly apatite, Ca₅(PO₄)₃(OH,F,Cl), replacing original bone)

Botryoidal chalcedony (likely druzy quartz)

Microcrystalline quartz, SiO₂; chalcedony with a druzy quartz coating

Rough Aquamarine

Beryl (Be₃Al₂Si₆O‑₁₈)

Small metallic-gold mineral fragment, possibly pyrite

Pyrite (FeS₂), if confirmed