Granite

Carnelian Agate

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) - variety of Chalcedony

Zebra Marble

Metamorphosed Alabaster/Limestone (CaCO3)

Placer Gold Nugget

Native Gold (Au)

Quartz Geode

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Limonite (Iron Ore)

Limonite (an FeO(OH)·nH2O mineraloid, not a true mineral due to variable composition)

Amethyst

Amethyst (SiO2 - Silicon Dioxide with iron impurities)

Banded Agate (specifically Carnelian Agate / Sardonyx)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with iron oxide inclusions

Basalt with Quartz/Calcite Vein

Amygdaloidal Basalt (matrix) with Mineral Vein filling

Amethyst Quartz

SiO2 (Silicon Dioxide)

Dyed Agate Geode (Pink/Magenta)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) - variety of Chalcedony/Quartz

Amethyst

SiO2 (Silicon Dioxide)

Carved Mottled Greenish-Yellow Crystal/Glass Object

Unknown; possibly a form of quartz (chalcedony/jadeite/nephrite) or glass/resin.

Metal Alloy (Jewelry)

Not a naturally occurring rock or mineral; likely a metal alloy for jewelry. Possible compositions include sterling silver (92.5% silver, 7.5% copper), or other silver/gold alloys.

Bicolor Quartz (Milk Quartz with Slag or Dark Inclusions)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with impurities

Yellow Jade (often Serpentine or Dolomite)

Primarily Serpentine (Mg3Si2O5(OH)4) or Dolomite (CaMg(CO3)2), though the term 'yellow jade' is also sometimes applied to varieties of true nephrite or jadeite.

Peridot

Olivine (Mg,Fe)2SiO4

Aragonite (variety 'Flos Ferri')

Aragonite (CaCO3)

Jade

There are two distinct minerals commonly known as Jade: Jadeite (NaAlSi2O6) and Nephrite (Ca2(Mg,Fe)5Si8O22(OH)2). Based on the appearance, these spheres are likely Nephrite.

Ruby

Corundum (mineral species), variety: Ruby (Al2O3 with Cr3+ as the chromophore)

Hypersthene

Hypersthene ((Mg,Fe)SiO₃)

Hypersthene (or Enstatite/Ferrosilite)

Orthopyroxene series (Mg,Fe)SiO3 - specifically, historically hypersthene (intermediate member) now referred to as Enstatite (Mg-rich) or Ferrosilite (Fe-rich)

Amethyst (variety of Quartz)

SiO2 (Silicon Dioxide)

Amethyst (Quartz)

SiO2 (Silicon Dioxide)

Pink Opal / Peruvian Opal

Hydrated amorphous silicon dioxide (SiO2·nH2O)

Banded Rock (likely Quartz-rich)

Uncertain, likely a Metamorphic Rock (e.g., Gneiss or Schist) with prominent Quartz and other minerals

Peridot (Olivine)

Olivine ((Mg,Fe)2SiO4)

Amethyst

Quartz variety; SiO2 (Silicon Dioxide)

Sapphire (Corundum variety)

Sapphire (Al₂O₃)

Turquoise

Turquoise (Hydrated copper aluminum phosphate, CuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8·4H2O)

Diamond

Diamond (C)

Diamond

Carbon (C), specifically a solid form of the element carbon with atoms arranged in a crystal structure called diamond cubic.

Citrine Geode (or Druzy Citrine)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO₂) - a variety of Quartz

Amethyst

SiO2 (Silicon Dioxide)

Sapphire

Corundum (Al₂O₃) with trace elements causing color variations.

Jade (likely Nephrite or Jadeite)

Nephrite (a variety of actinolite, Ca2(Mg,Fe)5Si8O22(OH)2) or Jadeite (NaAlSi2O6)

Diamond

Diamond (C)

Amethyst

Quartz (SiO2) variety

Sapphire (likely blue synthetic sapphire or blue glass in a ring)

Corundum (Al₂O₃), specifically the blue variety due to trace amounts of iron and titanium impurities. If synthetic, it would still be Al₂O₃.

Jade (Nephrite or Jadeite)

Nephrite (Ca2(Mg,Fe)5Si8O22(OH)2 - a variety of actinolite, an amphibole mineral); Jadeite (Na(Al,Fe3+)Si2O6 - a pyroxene mineral)

Opal

Hydrous silicon dioxide (SiO2·nH2O)

Jasper (likely a variety of Brecciated Jasper or a patterned variety)

Silicon dioxide (SiO2)

Diamond

Carbon (C), specifically in an isometric crystal system.