Man Made Byproduct (Often Mistaken For Obsidian Or Emerald)

Quartz

Quartz (SiO₂ - Silicon Dioxide)

Flower Agate

Chalcedony with Opaque Spherulitic Inclusions (SiO2)

Sandstone

Arenite (composed primarily of Quartz: SiO2)

Orange Calcite

Calcium Carbonate (CaCO3)

Orthoclase Feldspar

KAlSi3O8 (Potassium Aluminum Silicate)

Quartzite

Metamorphic Quartzite (SiO2)

Diamond (Emerald Cut)

Carbon (C)

Tumbled red jasper (probable)

Jasper, microcrystalline quartz (SiO₂), commonly colored by iron oxides

Raw Emerald

Beryl (Be3Al2Si6O18 with Chromium/Vanadium)

Sandstone with Liesegang Rings

Quartzose Sandstone with Iron Oxide Precipitation

Slag Glass

Amorphous Silica Glass (with metal oxide inclusions)

Tumbled black stone, likely black obsidian

Obsidian (volcanic glass; composition typically rhyolitic)

Sulfur (with Matrix)

Native Sulfur (S8)

Serpentine-rich metamorphic rock

Serpentinite, chiefly serpentine-group minerals (antigorite, lizardite, chrysotile) with possible magnetite, talc, and carbonate

Turquoise

Hydrated phosphate of copper and aluminium [CuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8·4H2O]

Diamond (as set in a metal alloy ring)

Diamond (Pure Carbon, C)

Peridot

Olivine ((Mg, Fe)2SiO4)

Not a rock, mineral, or geological specimen

Quartz (likely a macrocrystalline variety like milky quartz or smoky quartz, given the appearance in the image)

Quartz (SiO₂ - Silicon Dioxide)

Jasper

Jasper (Silicon Dioxide, SiO2)

Natural Gemstone Cabochons (Ruby, Moonstone, Emerald, Citrine)

Ruby (Al2O3:Cr), Moonstone (KAlSi3O8), Emerald (Be3Al2(SiO3)6:Cr), Citrine (SiO2)

Goldstone (likely blue-free synthetic goldstone pendant)

Synthetic aventurine glass; silica glass with dispersed metallic copper crystals

Raw Emerald

Beryl (Be3Al2(SiO3)6) with Cr/V impurities

Emerald (green gemstone) pendant

Emerald, green variety of beryl (Be₃Al₂Si₆O₁₈); stones appear to be faceted and set in jewelry

Pearl (Biogenic Mineraloid)

Calcium carbonate (CaCO3) primarily as Aragonite

Rough Emerald

Beryl (Be3Al2(SiO3)6 with Chromium/Vanadium impurities)

Black tumbled stone, possibly obsidian

Undetermined; appearance may resemble obsidian (volcanic glass, SiO₂-rich)

Pyrite (on Quartz matrix)

Iron Disulfide (FeS2)

Obsidian Arrowhead

Obsidian (Volcanic Glass)

Chert (Flint variety)

Microcrystalline or Cryptocrystalline Quartz (SiO2)

Black obsidian

Volcanic glass, predominantly rhyolitic silica glass (approximately 70–80% SiO₂)

Turquoise cabochon ring

Turquoise — hydrated copper aluminum phosphate, CuAl₆(PO₄)₄(OH)₈·4H₂O

Black Obsidian

Volcanic Glass (SiO2 + impurities)

Small pebble, likely limestone

Unidentified carbonate pebble, possibly micritic limestone (calcite, CaCO₃)

Obsidian

Volcanic glass

Black Obsidian

Volcanic Glass (Amorphous Silicon Dioxide)

Arsenopyrite with Schist Matrix

Arsenopyrite (FeAsS)

Diamond (in jewelry setting)

Adamantine Carbon (C)

Emerald (Beryl)

Be₃Al₂Si₆O₁₈ (Chromium/Vanadium-bearing Beryl)

Green glassy slag or manufactured glass bead

Noncrystalline silicate glass; likely industrial glass/slag, not a true mineral

Chert (flint)

Microcrystalline quartz (SiO₂), commonly called chert; brown varieties may be termed brown flint

Obsidian

Volcanic Glass (High silica amorphous rock)