Man Made Composite (Lithified Equivalent Of Sedimentary)

Possible weathered sandstone or iron-rich sedimentary rock

Indeterminate; likely quartz-rich sandstone with iron-oxide cement

Opal ring

Opal (hydrated amorphous silica, SiO₂·nH₂O)

Weathered fossil shell fragment

Likely a bivalve or gastropod shell, composed mainly of biogenic calcite/aragonite (CaCO₃)

Sandstone

Clastic sedimentary rock (primarily SiO2)

Tumbled river pebble, likely fine-grained sandstone or mudstone

Indeterminate lithic clast; possibly quartz-rich sandstone or siltstone

Flint (chert)

Microcrystalline quartz (SiO₂), commonly called chert or flint

Quartzwacke / Impure Sandstone

Arenite with minor lithic fragments (Silicon Dioxide matrix)

Sandstone

Arenite

Weathered fossiliferous limestone

Calcite-rich limestone (CaCO₃), possibly bioclastic or micritic limestone

Conglomerate

Sedimentary conglomerate rock (siliceous/ferruginous clastic rock)

Blue Chalcedony Cube

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Goldstone (Red/Brown)

Aventurine Glass (SiO2 with Copper inclusions)

Pale limestone or calcite-rich rock

Calcite (CaCO₃), likely micritic limestone

Graphite

Graphite (elemental carbon, C)

Rounded sandstone pebble

Quartz-rich sandstone, commonly arkose or lithic sandstone

Sandstone

Arenite (SiO2 principal component)

Weathered limestone (tentative)

Calcite-rich limestone, chiefly calcium carbonate (CaCO₃)

Fossiliferous Kalkstein (Marl/Sandstone)

Fossiliferous calcarenite/siltstone

Asphalt (Bituminous Concrete)

Asphaltum / Bitumen-Aggregate Matrix

Rounded sandstone pebble

Quartz-rich sandstone, likely arkose or quartz arenite

Fossiliferous Limestone

Biogenic Limestone (Calcium Carbonate, CaCO3)

Fossiliferous Limestone

Fossiliferous Limestone

Faceted Gemstones (Mixed)

Various (e.g., Corundum, Beryl, Quartz, or synthetic equivalents)

Asphalt (Bituminous Pavement Bit)

Bitumen-bound aggregate (Petrochemical-bound composite)

Fossiliferous Limestone

Carbonate sedimentary rock (CaCO3) with bioclasts

Sandstone

Clastic sedimentary rock (primarily SiO2)

Sandstone (likely Quartzose)

Sandstone (Principally SiO2)

Weathered quartz-rich rock, likely sandstone or quartzite

Quartz-dominated clastic rock; possibly quartzite (SiO₂-rich)

Beaded mineral/crystal jewelry (likely turquoise and coral accents)

Variable; blue beads may be turquoise (CuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8·4H2O), with possible dyed howlite, glass, or composite materials

Chert (flint), brown variety

Microcrystalline quartz (SiO₂)

Polished fossil-bearing shale or mudstone

Fossiliferous carbonaceous mudstone/shale; visible fossils may be bivalves or ammonites, but species cannot be confirmed from the image

Rounded gray river pebble

Likely fine-grained quartz-rich sandstone or siltstone; exact identification requires a fresh surface and tests

Gowganda Tillite (Puddingstone)

Gowganda Formation Conglomerate

Conglomerate

Clastic Sedimentary Rock

Sandstone

Arenite (primarily SiO2)

Fossiliferous limestone (likely coral or shell-bearing limestone)

Calcite-rich bioclastic limestone, chiefly CaCO₃

Weathered sandstone (probable arkosic sandstone)

Clastic sandstone, mainly quartz (SiO₂) with feldspar and iron-oxide cement

Fossil brachiopod shell

Brachiopoda; exact genus and species cannot be determined from the image

Fossiliferous limestone, likely coral or shell-rich limestone

Biogenic calcite (CaCO₃), commonly limestone containing fossil coral or mollusks

Fossilized gastropod (snail)

Gastropoda; shell commonly preserved as calcite (CaCO₃)

Weathered sandstone or quartzite cobble

Quartz-rich sandstone; possibly metamorphosed to quartzite

Possible granite or granitic gneiss pebble

Granite; primarily quartz, feldspar, and mica