Man Made Object (Metalwork)

Emerald

Beryl (Be3Al2Si6O18) with Chromium/Vanadium impurities

Picture Jasper

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with mineral inclusions

Schist

N/A (a rock type, not a mineral formula)

Granite

Granite (Phaneritic Quartz-Feldspar Felsic Rock)

Sandstone

Arenite (composed primarily of SiO2)

Sandstone

Arenite (primarily SiO2)

Milky Quartz (with trace inclusions)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Garnet

Almandine (Fe3Al2(SiO4)3)

Basalt

Basalt (Aphanitic Mafic Igneous Rock)

Jasper or Chert

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Greywacke

Greywacke (Lithofeldspathic Sandstone)

Scoria (Lava Rock)

Scoria

Quartzite Pebble

Metamorphosed Quartz Sandstone (SiO2)

Quartz (Milky/Smoky variety)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Jade (specifically Nephrite or Jadeite beads)

Nephrite (Ca2(Mg, Fe)5Si8O22(OH)2) or Jadeite (NaAlSi2O6)

Gold Nugget

Native Gold (Au)

Granite

Granite (Felsic Plutonic Rock)

Citrine or Yellow Quartz

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with iron impurities

Pebble (likely Quartz or Chert)

SiO₂ (Silicon Dioxide) - referring to the likely main mineral composition, Quartz. If it's chert, the scientific name remains SiO₂ with a microcrystalline structure.

Basaltic Tuff / Volcanic Breccia

Pyroclastic Breccia / Lithic Tuff

Silver (Sterling Silver Jewelry)

Argentum (Ag) mixed with Copper (Cu)

Quartz (likely a form of massive or vein quartz)

Quartz (SiO₂)

Pebble (likely a type of sandstone or quartzite pebble)

Clastic Sediment (specifically, a rudite-sized clast). If the pebble is composed of a specific rock type, its scientific name would be that rock type (e.g., 'Quartzite pebble', 'Granite pebble', 'Chert pebble'). Given its appearance, it is likely a metamorphic quartzite pebble or a hard sandstone pebble.

Sandstone (with minor quartz and possible clay components)

Clastic Sedimentary Rock (SiO2 dominated)

Clear Quartz (Rock Crystal)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Petrified Wood

Silicified wood (Quartz variant, SiO2)

Imperial Jasper

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) - Microcrystalline Quartz with Mineral Inclusions

Nephrite Jade

Nephrite (Ca2(Mg, Fe)5Si8O22(OH)2), a variety of Actinolite-Tremolite

Scoria (Red Lava Rock)

Scoria

Chert (Yellow Jasper variant)

Microcrystalline or cryptocrystalline Quartz (SiO2)

Quartzite

Metamorphosed Quartz Sandstone (SiO2)

Fossilized Coral (Petoskey Stone or Rugose Coral)

Antophyllum (Hexagonaria) or Scleractinia (CaCO3)

Citrine

Citrine (Silicon Dioxide, SiO2)

Citrine Quartz Sphere

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Amber

Succinite (with a generalized formula of C10H16O)

Quartz

Quartz (SiO2, Silicon Dioxide)

Amber (Cherry or Red variety)

Succinite (with various trace amounts of organic compounds)

Yellow Citrine Quartz

Silicon Dioxide (SiO₂)

Milky Quartz

Quartz (Silicon Dioxide, SiO2)

River Quartz / Quartzite Pebbles

Quartzite (primarily Silicon Dioxide, SiO2)

Agate (Nodule/Chert)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Chert (often called Flint)

Chert (Cryptocrystalline Silica, SiO2)