Man Made Object (Simulant)

Pyrite (or Fool's Gold)

Pyrite (FeS₂)

African Turquoise (Jasper)

Polychrome African Jasper (often marketed as 'African Turquoise' due to its color, but it is not true turquoise)

Chert (or possibly Flint)

Chert (variant: Flint)

Jasper (yellow/cream variety)

SiO₂ (Cryptocrystalline Quartz)

Chert (Flint)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Serpentine Jade (New Jade/Olive Jade)

Serpentinite (a rock composed primarily of serpentine minerals) / Mg3Si2O5(OH)4 for Antigorite and Lizardite

Shungite

Carbonaceous rock (primarily amorphous carbon)

Red Jasper or Chert

Jasper (SiO2, a variety of chalcedony with iron oxide impurities), Chert (SiO2)

Banded Chert

Chert (a microcrystalline variety of quartz, SiO2 with minor impurities)

Chert (varietal: Jasper or Flint likely, but definitive identification is difficult from image)

SiO₂ (silicon dioxide)

Jasper (likely a variety of Brecciated Jasper or a patterned variety)

Silicon dioxide (SiO2)

Bloodstone / Heliotrope

Silicon dioxide (SiO2) with inclusions

Almandine Garnet

Almandine (Fe3Al2(SiO4)3)

Quartz

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Fuchsite

Fuchsite (a variety of Muscovite mica, K(Al,Cr)2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2)

Obsidian

Volcanic glass

Amethyst

SiO2 (Silicon Dioxide) - a variety of Quartz

Polymictic breccia, possibly volcanic breccia

Polymictic clastic breccia; likely a matrix-supported breccia containing lithic fragments, quartz, feldspar, and dark mafic minerals

K2 Jasper (Beads)

Granodiorite with Azurite and Malachite

Amethyst

Quartz (SiO2) variety

Malachite

Malachite (Cu2CO3(OH)2)

Quartz (likely Milky Quartz or Chalcedony)

Quartz (SiO2 - Silicon Dioxide)

Gneiss (likely)

Gneiss

Muscovite Mica

Muscovite (Potassium Aluminum Silicate Hydroxide Fluoride), KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH,F)2

Halite

Halite (NaCl)

Granite

Granite (a felsic intrusive igneous rock)

Quartzite

Quartzite (primarily SiO2)

Quartz Crystal

Quartz (SiO₂)

Chert (Flint)

Chert (predominantly SiO₂ - silicon dioxide)

Amber

Fossilized Tree Resin (Amorphous Hydrocarbon)

Fluorite

Calcium Fluoride (CaF2)

Sodalite (blue beads) and Clear Quartz (clear beads)

Sodalite: Na4Al3Si3O12Cl; Quartz: SiO2

Chalcedony (Banded/Mottled Variety)

Chalcedony (a cryptocrystalline variety of Quartz, SiO2)

Serpentinite (Serpentine Rock)

Serpentinite is a rock composed of one or more serpentine group minerals, chiefly antigorite, chrysotile, and lizardite, with the general formula (Mg,Fe)3Si2O5(OH)4. Often includes other minerals like magnetite, talc, and chromite.

Serpentinite (Serpentine Rock)

Primarily composed of serpentine group minerals, such as antigorite, chrysotile, and lizardite. Chemical formula for serpentine minerals is (Mg,Fe)3Si2O5(OH)4.

Calcite

Calcite (Mineral, Calcium Carbonate - CaCO3)

Gneiss

Gneiss (a rock type, not a specific mineral with a formula)

Dog (Sleeping)

Canis familiaris (or Canis lupus familiaris)

Quartzite

Quartzite

Agate (or Banded Agate)

Agate (a variety of Chalcedony, which is a cryptocrystalline form of Quartz); Chemical Formula: SiO₂ (Silicon Dioxide)

Quartz

SiO₂ (Silicon Dioxide)

Calcite

Calcite (Mineral; CaCO₃)