Metamorphic Or Sedimentary Depending On Local Grade

Quartz (Milky Quartz)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Quartz (likely Yellow/Orange variety, possibly Citrine or Chalcedony with iron staining)

Quartz (SiO₂)

Jasper (Iron-stained Chert)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Sodalite

Sodalite - Na8(Al6Si6O24)Cl2

Amber

Fossilized tree resin (not a true mineral as it is organic and amorphous); Chemical formula is highly variable, but often approximated as C10H16O.

Quartz

Quartz (SiO2 - Silicon Dioxide)

Banded Iron Formation (BIF)

Banded Iron Formation

Black Chert

Chert (microcrystalline quartz)

Pyrite (Fool's Gold)

Iron Disulfide (FeS2)

Milky Quartz

Quartz (Silicon Dioxide, SiO2)

Zebra Jasper

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with various inclusions

Jasper with Epidote Vein

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with Calcium Aluminum Iron Silicate (Ca2(Al,Fe)3(SiO4)3(OH))

Red Jasper

Jasper (a variety of Chalcedony, SiO₂ with impurities)

Chalcedony or Chert/Jasper with secondary mineral staining

SiO2 (for chalcedony/quartz) with possible secondary copper minerals (e.g., CuSiO3·nH2O for chrysocolla, Cu2(CO3)(OH)2 for malachite) or iron oxides/hydroxides.

Sandstone (with potentially metamorphic or basaltic bands)

Arenite / Lithic Wacke

Chert (often called Flint or Jasper depending on color)

Chert (SiO2 - Microcrystalline or Cryptocrystalline Quartz)

Banded Iron Formation (BIF)

Banded Iron Formation

Shale with Vein Infillings

Shale (a fine-grained clastic sedimentary rock). The veins could be Calcite (CaCO3), Quartz (SiO2), or other minerals.

Yellow Jade (often Serpentine or Dolomite)

Primarily Serpentine (Mg3Si2O5(OH)4) or Dolomite (CaMg(CO3)2), though the term 'yellow jade' is also sometimes applied to varieties of true nephrite or jadeite.

Serpentine

Serpentine group minerals (e.g., Antigorite, Chrysotile, Lizardite). Chemical formula: (Mg, Fe)₃Si₂O₅(OH)₄

Rutilated Quartz (likely Citrine or Smoky Quartz with Rutile inclusions)

SiO2 with TiO2 inclusions (Quartz with Rutile)

Turquoise

Hydrated phosphate of copper and aluminium - CuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8·4H2O

Quartz

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Jasper

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Jasper and Quartz River Cobble

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with Hematite inclusions

River Stone (Quartzite/Siltstone mixture)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) based metamorphosed sandstone

Chert (or possibly Flint)

SiO2 (Silicon Dioxide)

Anthracite Coal

Anthracite (a form of coal, primarily carbon)

White Quartz

Quartz (SiO2)

Milky Quartz

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Biotite Mica

Biotite, K(Mg,Fe)3AlSi3O10(F,OH)2

Quartz (River-worn Pebble)

Quartz (SiO2)

Banded Rock (likely Quartz-rich)

Uncertain, likely a Metamorphic Rock (e.g., Gneiss or Schist) with prominent Quartz and other minerals

Jasper and Quartzite mix

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with impurities

Chert (varietal known as Jasper or Flint)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Blue Quartzite

Quartzite (specifically a variety enriched with blue-coloring minerals)

Graphite-veined Quartzite

Meta-sedimentary Quartzite with Carbonaceous/Graphitic Inclusions (SiO2 + C)

Herkimer Diamond in Matrix

Quartz (SiO2) in Dolostone (CaMg(CO3)2)

Milky Quartz

Quartz (Silicon Dioxide - SiO2)

Calcite (Yellow/Orange variety - sometimes called Honey Calcite)

Calcite

Banded Jasper (Chert)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) - variety of Chalcedony

Milky Quartz

Quartz (Silicon Dioxide, SiO2)