Metamorphic Or Sedimentary Depending On Local Grade

Herkimer Diamond in Matrix

Quartz (SiO2) in Dolostone (CaMg(CO3)2)

Milky Quartz

Quartz (Silicon Dioxide - SiO2)

Calcite (Yellow/Orange variety - sometimes called Honey Calcite)

Calcite

Milky Quartz

Quartz (Silicon Dioxide, SiO2)

Quartz

Silicon dioxide (SiO2)

Banded Jasper (Chert)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) - variety of Chalcedony

Banded Jasper (possibly "Picture Jasper")

Jasper (a microcrystalline variety of Quartz / Silicon Dioxide - SiO2)

Red Chalcedony (likely dyed)

Chalcedony (a variety of Quartz), SiO2

Blue Chalcedony

Chalcedony (a cryptocrystalline variety of Quartz - SiO₂)

Druzy Quartz Geode (likely Smokey Quartz variety)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) - specifically a geode formation lined with druzy quartz crystals, with a likely brownish hue indicating smokey quartz.

Carnelian

Carnelian (a variety of Chalcedony, SiO2)

Amber

(C10H16O)n – an amorphous organic substance, primarily composed of polymerized isoprenoids.

Dark Igneous Rock (Likely Basalt or Diabase)

Basalt (extrusive igneous rock) or Diabase (intrusive igneous rock - also known as Dolerite), largely composed of plagioclase feldspar, pyroxene (augite), and sometimes olivine and amphibole. Exact mineralogy would require thin section analysis.

Brick

Fired clay or Ceramic material (no specific mineralogical scientific name as it's a composite)

Jade

Jadeite or Nephrite

Red Jasper (Brecchiated Jasper)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with Hematite impurities

Hematite

Hematite (Fe2O3)

Jasper and Quartzite Pebble

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) - Microcrystalline Quartz

Pyrite

Pyrite (Iron Disulfide), FeS2

Mixed Quartz and River Pebbles (Stone Collection)

Mixed assortment containing mainly Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Agate (Dyed High-Grade Polished Slice)

Silicon dioxide (SiO2), Chalcedony crystal variety

Chalcedony

Chalcedony (SiO₂)

River Pebbles and Quartz

Mixed Igneous, Sedimentary, and Metamorphic Rocks (Silicon Dioxide SiO2 dominant)

Quartz Pebble

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Quartz

Quartz (SiO₂ - Silicon Dioxide)

Quartz

Quartz (SiO₂)

Brown Jasper (Likely)

Jasper (Cryptocrystalline Silicon Dioxide - SiO2)

Red Jasper

Silicon Dioxide (SiO₂)

Hematite

Hematite (Fe2O3)

Sapphire (likely blue synthetic sapphire or blue glass in a ring)

Corundum (Al₂O₃), specifically the blue variety due to trace amounts of iron and titanium impurities. If synthetic, it would still be Al₂O₃.

Pyrite

Pyrite (Iron sulfide, FeS₂)

Amethyst Geode/Cluster

Quartz (SiO2) - variety Amethyst

Chert (Jasper Variant likely)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Mica (likely Muscovite)

Muscovite / KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2

Quartz

Silicon dioxide (SiO₂)

Petrified Wood

Silicified Wood (SiO2 - primarily Quartz/Chalcedony/Opal)

Carnelian

Chalcedony (cryptocrystalline quartz), SiO2 (Silicon Dioxide)

Red Jasper

Jasper (Silicon Dioxide with Iron inclusions - SiO2)

Jasper (Iron-rich Chalcedony)

Jasper (Microcrystalline Silicon Dioxide, SiO2 plus iron oxide impurities)

Muscovite Mica

Muscovite (Potassium Mica) KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2

Banded Jasper

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Lapis Lazuli

Lapis Lazuli (a rock composed primarily of Lazurite)