Mineral Precipitate (Anthropogenic Context)

Oolitic Limestone

Oolite (Sedimentary Calcium Carbonate)

Oolitic Limestone

Oolite (Sedimentary Calcium Carbonate)

Jasper with Quartz Veins

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with impurities

Quartz Crystal

Quartz (SiO₂)

Fossiliferous Limestone with Rugose Coral

Calcite (CaCO3) containing a Rugosa (Horn Coral) fossil

Agate

Cryptocrystalline Quartz (SiO2)

Fossiliferous Limestone with Brachiopod

Limestone (Calcium Carbonate, CaCO3) with Phylum Brachiopoda fossil

Banded Iron Formation (BIF)

Magnetite-hematite-chert formation

Ferruginous Sandstone

Arenite with Hematite/Goethite cement

Calcite

Calcite (CaCO₃)

Sandstone

Sandstone (clastic sedimentary rock)

Orbicular Jasper

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2), variety of Chalcedony

Pebble (likely a type of sandstone or quartzite pebble)

Clastic Sediment (specifically, a rudite-sized clast). If the pebble is composed of a specific rock type, its scientific name would be that rock type (e.g., 'Quartzite pebble', 'Granite pebble', 'Chert pebble'). Given its appearance, it is likely a metamorphic quartzite pebble or a hard sandstone pebble.

Eurasite (or Ferruginous Sandstone)

Ferruginous Sandstone (SiO2 with Fe2O3/FeOOH)

Druzy Quartz on Vesicular Basalt

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) in an extrusive Mafic igneous host rock

Banded Onyx (Green Onyx)

Banded Calcite or Travertine (CaCO3)

Limestone with Calcite Crystals

Sedimentary Rock containing Calcium Carbonate (CaCO3)

Red Jasper with Quartz Veining

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with Hematite impurities

Botryoidal Hematite (Kidney Ore)

Hematite (Fe2O3)

Veined Quartz

SiO2 (Silicon Dioxide)

Banded Iron Formation (BIF) / Tiger Iron

Ferruginous Chert (primarily Quartz [SiO2] and Hematite/Magnetite [Fe2O3/Fe3O4])

Magnetic Hematite

Magnetized Hematite (an iron oxide mineral, Fe2O3, that has undergone magnetization)

Rutilated Quartz

SiO2 with TiO2 inclusions (Rutile)

Coquina Limestone (Fossiliferous Limestone)

Calcareous bioclastic sedimentary rock (CaCO3)

Limestone

Calcium Carbonate (CaCO3)

Limestone

Calcium Carbonate (CaCO3)

Sulfur-bearing Limestone (Solfatara Specimen)

Sulfur-rich Bio-limestone (Calcium Carbonate with Native Sulfur, S8)

Jasper

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with iron oxide impurities

Fossiliferous Limestone

Biogenic Limestone (Calcium Carbonate, CaCO3)

Ferruginous Sandstone

Arenite with Hematite/Limonite cement (SiO2 + Fe2O3)

Banded Iron Formation

Banded Iron Formation (BIF)

Jasper, Agate, Quartz Mix (Polished Beads)

SiO₂ (Silicon Dioxide) for Quartz. Jasper and Agate are cryptocrystalline varieties of Quartz.

Chert (River Pebble)

Microcrystalline Quartz (SiO2)

Jasper (likely Polychrome or Mookaite variants)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with iron oxide and hydroxide inclusions

Ferruginous Sandstone (Ironstone)

Ferruginous Sandstone / Limonite-cemented Quartz Sandstone

Jasper and Quartz conglomerate

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with iron oxide impurities

Jasper with Hematite Inclusions

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with Ferric Oxide (Fe2O3)

Concrete with Aggregate

Composite construction material; primary matrix is Calcium Silicate Hydrate (C-S-H)

Slag Glass

Amorphous Silica / Glass Slag

Quartz

Silicon dioxide (SiO₂)

Quartz

Quartz (SiO2)

Conglomerate

Conglomerate (a clastic sedimentary rock)