Mineraloid (Man Made Glass)

Amber cabochon ring (likely amber)

Amber — fossilized plant resin; organic mineraloid, not a crystalline mineral

Sea Glass (Cobalt Blue)

Amorphous Silica (Glass with Cobalt additives)

Blue Goldstone

Aventurine Glass (Silicon Dioxide infused with Cobalt/Copper)

Abalone Shell (Nacre)

Aragonite (CaCO3) - Biogenic Mineral

Green Aventurine

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with inclusions of Fuchsite

Aventurine

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with inclusions of Fuchsite

Limonite (Ironstone)

Limonite (mixture of hydrated iron oxides, primarily Goethite α-FeO(OH))

White Opal

Hydrated Silica (SiO2·nH2O)

White drusy quartz

Quartz, silicon dioxide (SiO₂), with a drusy coating of tiny crystals

Likely chert (flint) fragment

Microcrystalline quartz, SiO₂

Chert (Flint)

Silicon dioxide (SiO2)

Milky quartz (rough fragment)

Quartz, silicon dioxide (SiO₂)

Yellow amber beads

Amber (fossilized tree resin; organic mineraloid, not a true mineral)

Amber (polished piece)

Fossilized tree resin; amber is an organic mineraloid, not a true mineral

Orange tumbled feldspar, likely sunstone

Probably potassium feldspar (orthoclase or microcline); identification is uncertain from the image

Pumice

Pumice (Vesicular volcanic glass)

Diamond (or Diamond Simulant)

Carbon (C) or Cubic Zirconia (ZrO2)

Obsidian

Volcanic Glass (70% or more SiO2)

Black Obsidian

Obsidian (Volcanic Glass), primarily SiO2 (Silicon Dioxide)

Flint (gray chert)

Microcrystalline quartz (SiO₂), a variety of chert

Black Obsidian

Volcanic Glass (predominantly SiO2, Silicon Dioxide)

Faceted colorless gemstone, likely quartz or glass imitation

Most likely quartz (SiO₂), though the strong glare and visible facet pattern could indicate cubic zirconia or lead glass

Flint (chert) fragment

Microcrystalline quartz (SiO₂), commonly called flint when dark

Obsidian

Volcanic glass (silica-rich rhyolitic melt; primarily SiO₂)

Schungite

Carbon-rich mineraloid (Amorphous carbon)

Shungite

Carbon-rich mineraloid (Amorphous carbon)

Mahogany Obsidian

Volcanic Glass (SiO2 with Fe/Mg oxides)

Common opal in iron-stained host rock

Opal (hydrated amorphous silica, SiO₂·nH₂O), likely common opal

Pearl

Calcium Carbonate (Aragonite) with Conchiolin; formula: CaCO3

Chert (specifically Tan/Gray Chert)

Microcrystalline quartz (SiO2)

Blue Sea Glass

Amorphous Silica (Anthropogenic glass)

Gem-set gold ring

Gold alloy setting with a colorless faceted gemstone, possibly quartz or glass; the stone cannot be identified reliably from the image

Pumice

Pumice (Vitreous volcanic rock)

Likely beach-worn glass and a pebble

The brown piece appears to be weathered glass (amorphous SiO₂-rich material); the pale piece is likely a small quartz-rich stone, possibly milky quartz.

Green Opal

Hydrated Silica (SiO2·nH2O)

Fired Clay Brick (Anthropic Rock substitute)

Anthropogenic polycrystalline ceramic (predominantly Mullite and Quartz: Al6Si2O13 + SiO2)

Goldstone and pink quartz bead strands

Goldstone is aventurescent copper-bearing glass; pink beads are likely rose quartz (SiO₂), though dyed or glass imitations are possible

Amber in Matrix

Succinite (Carbon-based organic polymer)

Tektite (likely Australite)

Tektite (no specific chemical formula as it's a natural glass of variable composition, mostly SiO2, Al2O3, FeO, MgO, CaO, K2O, Na2O, TiO2)

Obsidian

Volcanic Glass (Primary composition: SiO2 - Silicon Dioxide)

Black-and-white agate geode pendant

Agate (microcrystalline quartz, SiO₂), likely a hollow geode slice with chalcedony and drusy quartz

Precious Opal

Hydrated Silica (SiO2·nH2O)