Organic (Sedimentary Context)

Worked flint/chert artifact

Microcrystalline quartz (chalcedony), SiO₂; likely a knapped flint or chert flake/core fragment

Banded chert or agate

Microcrystalline quartz (chalcedony), SiO₂

Milky Quartz Pebble with Iron Inclusions

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with iron oxide impurities

Chert Nodules in Limestone

Microcrystalline Quartz (SiO2) in Carbonate Matrix

Baroque Pearl

Calcium Carbonate (Aragonite or Calcite) and Conchiolin

Weathered quartz-rich rock, likely sandstone or quartzite

Quartz (SiO₂)-rich sandstone; possibly partially metamorphosed quartzite

Weathered orange-brown stone, possibly iron-stained sandstone

Unconfirmed; likely quartz-rich sandstone with iron-oxide staining

Jasper (Red Jasper)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO₂)

Weathered sandstone or iron-rich sedimentary fragment

Quartz-rich sandstone, possibly ferruginous sandstone (SiO₂-dominant)

Asphalt (Bituminous Pavement Bit)

Bitumen-bound aggregate (Petrochemical-bound composite)

Limestone

Calcium Carbonate (CaCO3)

Flint/chert projectile point

Microcrystalline quartz (SiO₂), archaeologically worked into a bifacial point

Chert (Cream Variety)

Microcrystalline silica (SiO2)

Red Sandstone

Arenite (primarily SiO2 with Fe2O3)

Red Jasper (Mookaite style)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with iron oxide impurities

Rounded gray stone, likely quartz-rich granitic rock

Probable granite or granitic gneiss; mainly quartz, feldspar, and mica

Ferruginous Sandstone (Gritstone)

Clastic sedimentary rock with iron-rich cement (FeO(OH)·nH2O)

Ironstone Concretion (Moqui Marble)

Iron-oxide concretion (Fe2O3 / FeO(OH))

Baked-clay ceramic fragment (likely brick or pottery)

Fired clay, primarily aluminosilicate minerals; not a natural rock

Red Sandstone

Arenite (Ferruginous Sandstone)

Leopard Skin Jasper

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) - Microcrystalline Quartz

Pyrite-bearing quartz vein (likely pyrite ore)

Pyrite, FeS₂, with abundant quartz (SiO₂) and possibly chalcopyrite

Limonite-pseudomorph after Pyrite (Prophecy Stone)

Goethite and Limonite secondary minerals (FeO(OH)·nH2O) replacing Pyrite (FeS2)

Ferruginous Sandstone (Ironstone Conglomerate fragments)

Ferruginous clastic sedimentary rock (SiO2 cemented by Fe2O3)

Sandstone (Nut-stone / Cup-stone artifact)

Quartz Arenite / Worked Sedimentary Rock

Wishing Rock (Quartz Vein in Host Rock)

Silicon dioxide (SiO2) vein in various host rocks

Chert (Nodule)

Cryptocrystalline Silica (SiO2)

Rounded sandstone pebble

Clastic sandstone, chiefly quartz and feldspar grains cemented by iron oxides and silica

Chert or flint flake

Cryptocrystalline microcrystalline quartz (SiO₂), likely chert/flint

Banded iron formation fragment

Banded iron formation (BIF), composed mainly of hematite/magnetite and chert (SiO₂)

Banded Chert (Jasper)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Red Sandstone

Arenite (primarily composed of SiO2 with Fe2O3 cement)

Hag Stone

Perforated Sandstone (composed of SiO2 and calcareous cement)

Limestone

Calcium Carbonate (CaCO3)

Graywacke

Graywacke

Sea Shell (Fighting Conch Fragment)

Calcium Carbonate (CaCO3) - Strombus alatus fragment

Likely flint/chert fragments

Microcrystalline quartz (SiO₂), possibly fossil-bearing chert

Ferruginous Sandstone

Arenite with Iron-Oxide Cement (FeO(OH)·nH2O / Fe2O3)

Red Jasper

Silicon Dioxide with Iron Oxide inclusions (SiO2 + Fe2O3)

Chert (Jasper/Flint variety)

Microcrystalline Quartz (SiO2)

Weathered granitic rock (likely granite or granodiorite)

Granite–granodiorite; mainly quartz, feldspar, and mica/hornblende

Zebra Jasper

Tetragonal Silicon Dioxide (Quartz) with impurities