Sandstone (likely Quartzose Sandstone)
Arenite (primarily SiO2)
sedimentary
Category
Organic Gemstone (Fossilized Resin)
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Petoskey Stone (Coral Fossil)
Hexagonaria percarinata (Fossilized colonial rugose coral)
sedimentary
Dendritic Agate (River Pebble)
Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with Manganese or Iron oxide inclusions
mineral
Sandstone
Arenite (composed primarily of SiO2)
sedimentary
Sedimentary Strata of the Badlands (Mudstone, Siltstone, and Sandstone)
White River Group (Brule and Chadron Formations)
sedimentary
Crinoid Columnal Fossil
Crinoid ossicle (Class Crinoidea)
sedimentary
Picture Jasper
Jasper (Silicon Dioxide, SiO2 with impurities)
sedimentary
Dendritic Quartz
Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with Manganese/Iron oxide inclusions
mineral
Chert (Flint)
Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)
sedimentary
Chert (with Quartz Druzy)
Microcrystalline Silica (SiO2)
sedimentary
Chert (Jasper transition)
Microcrystalline Quartz (SiO2)
sedimentary
Fossilized Coral (Petoskey Stone precursor)
Hexagonaria percarinata (Fossilized Rugose Coral)
fossil
Mookaite Jasper
Radiolarite (Silica with iron oxides like Goethite and Hematite)
sedimentary
Fossilized Horn Coral
Rugosa
fossil
Mookaite Jasper
Silicified Radiolarite (SiO2)
sedimentary
Chert / Flint
Silicon dioxide (SiO2)
sedimentary
Natural Pearl (appearing in a jewelry setting)
Calcium Carbonate (mostly Aragonite), CaCO3 with Conchiolin
mineral
Chert (Jasper)
Microcrystalline Quartz (SiO2)
sedimentary
Chert (Nodular)
Microcrystalline Silica (SiO2)
sedimentary
Chert
Chert (Microcrystalline Quartz, SiO2)
sedimentary
Polished orbicular jasper
Jasper, a microcrystalline variety of quartz (SiO₂), colored by iron oxides and other accessory minerals
igneous
Lapis Lazuli (Simulated)
Lapis Lazuli (Na,Ca)8(AlSiO4)6(S,Cl,SO4,OH)2
metamorphic
Pink Opal
Amorphous Hydrous Silica (SiO2·nH2O)
mineral
Moss Agate
Silicon Dioxide (Chalcedony with green mineral inclusions), SiO2
gemstone
Polished orbicular jasper
Orbicular jasper; microcrystalline quartz (SiO₂) with hematite/goethite and other silicate inclusions
sedimentary
Zinc Ore (Sphalerite in Matrix)
Sphalerite (Zn,Fe)S within a carbonate or silicate host rock
mineral
Brachiopod Fossil in Limestone
Phylum Brachiopoda embedded in sedimentary rock
fossil
Belemnite Fossil
Belemnitella sp. (rostrum)
fossil
Petoskey Stone
Hexagonaria percarinata
fossil
Devil's Toenail (Fossil Oyster)
Gryphaea arcuata (Calcium Carbonate, CaCO3)
sedimentary
Blue Chalcedony
Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) - Microcrystalline Quartz
mineral
Kambaba Jasper
Rhyolite (Volcanic rock) or Stromatolite (debated)
Igneous/Sedimentary (debated)
Chert (Flint)
Chert (Microcrystalline or cryptocrystalline Quartz - SiO2)
sedimentary
Dyed Agate (Tumbled)
Silicon Dioxide (Chalcedony variety, artificially dyed)
gemstone
Chert (Dark Variety / Flint)
Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)
sedimentary
Kambaba Jasper (Crocodile Jasper)
Stromatolite Fossil (Silicified Stromatolite / Quartz with Microfossils)
fossil
Chert (often called Jasper in this color)
Microcrystalline quartz (SiO2)
sedimentary
Chert (Siliceous Mudstone variant)
Microcrystalline quartz (SiO2)
sedimentary
Chert / Jasper
Microcrystalline Quartz (SiO2)
sedimentary
Chert (often called Flint)
Microcrystalline or Cryptocrystalline Quartz (SiO2)
sedimentary
Chert (Jasper/Mudstone variety with Oxidation)
Silicon dioxide (SiO2)
sedimentary
Fossil crinoid stem segment (columnal)
Crinoidea; commonly preserved as calcite ossicles, often called entrocrinite
fossil