Organic Material (Likely A Fruit Or Berry)

Jasper

Jasper (Silicon Dioxide, SiO2)

Limestone (specifically Fossiliferous or Crinoidal Limestone)

Calcium Carbonate (CaCO3) - Calcite Rock

Chipped Glass/Plastic Fragment

Silicon dioxide (SiO2) for glass (amorphous) or various polymer compounds for plastic

Crushed Stone (Likely Granite or Diabase)

Intrusive Igneous Rock (Granitoid/Gabbroid)

Chert (varieties include Flint and Jasper)

Microcrystalline or Cryptocrystalline Quartz (SiO2)

Chert (often called Flint when dark)

Microcrystalline or Cryptocrystalline Quartz (SiO2)

Glauconitic Sandstone (Greensand pebble)

Glauconitic Quartz Sandstone (K(Fe,Al)2(Si,Al)4O10(OH)2)

Pebble (likely a type of sandstone or quartzite pebble)

Clastic Sediment (specifically, a rudite-sized clast). If the pebble is composed of a specific rock type, its scientific name would be that rock type (e.g., 'Quartzite pebble', 'Granite pebble', 'Chert pebble'). Given its appearance, it is likely a metamorphic quartzite pebble or a hard sandstone pebble.

Glauconitic Sandstone (or Greensand)

Glauconitic Siliciclastic Rock (Containing (K,Na)(Fe,Al,Mg)2(Si,Al)4O10(OH)2)

Petrified Wood (Silicified Wood)

Silicified Wood (primarily Chalcedony/Quartz, SiO2)

Petrified Wood

Silicified Wood (SiO2)

Petrified Wood

Silicified wood (primarily SiO2)

Red Jasper (River Polished Quartzite)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with Ferric Oxide (Fe2O3) impurities

Chert (White/Light Tan)

Microcrystalline or Cryptocrystalline Quartz (SiO2)

Chert (Cherty Limestone or Flint)

Microcrystalline Silica (SiO2)

Given the appearance, it's likely a fragment of an igneous or metamorphic rock composed of multiple minerals. Without specific diagnostic features, it's difficult to give a common name other than 'crystalline rock fragment'. If pressed to guess based on the granular, somewhat light and dark speckled appearance, it could be a fragment of granite or a related intrusive igneous rock.

As a rock fragment, it does not have a single scientific mineral name; rather, it's a piece of a rock which is a combination of minerals. If it were granite, its main mineral composition would be quartz (SiO2), feldspar (e.g., KAlSi3O8 - orthoclase, (Na,Ca)(Al,Si)4O8 - plagioclase), and mica (e.g., KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 - muscovite or K(Mg,Fe)3AlSi3O10(OH)2 - biotite), among others.

Piddock bored rock (likely Mudstone or Shale)

Ichnofossil (Gastrochaenolites borings) in Fine-grained Sedimentary Rock

Graphite-veined Quartzite

Meta-sedimentary Quartzite with Carbonaceous/Graphitic Inclusions (SiO2 + C)

Limestone

Calcium Carbonate (CaCO3)

Sandstone (likely Red/Brown Sandstone)

Arenite (SiO2 based)

Chert (Yellow Jasper variant)

Microcrystalline Quartz (SiO2)

Chert (Jasper/Flint variety)

Microcrystalline Quartz (SiO2)

Banded Chert (Ironstone/Jasper)

Cryptocrystalline Quartz (SiO2) with Iron Oxides

Red Jasper (beads)

SiO₂ (Silicon Dioxide)

Shale

Shale (fine-grained clastic sedimentary rock)

Synthetic Resin / Plastic Figurine

Synthetic Polymer (Copolymer of Polyethylene or Resin)

Pebble or Cobble (likely composed of sandstone or conglomerate)

Clastic Sedimentary Rock (specific name like sandstone, conglomerate, or breccia would require microscopic analysis of clast size and angularity)

Coquina

Biogenic Limestone (Calcium Carbonate, CaCO3)

Sandstone

Arenite (a specific type of sandstone with less than 15% matrix)

River Pebble (Likely Quartzite or Chalcedony)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) - granular metamorphic variety

Red Swirl Beads (Likely Resin or Glass, simulating Red Jasper or Agate)

N/A (for the beads as pictured); Red Jasper: SiO2 (Chert variety); Red Agate: SiO2 (Chalcedony variety)

Crushed Limestone

Calcite-rich Sedimentary Rock (CaCO3)

Nephrite Jade

Nephrite (Ca2(Mg, Fe)5Si8O22(OH)2)

Anthracite Coal

Anthracite

Coal (most likely Bituminous or Anthracite)

Coal (primarily composed of carbon with varying amounts of other elements)

Coquina

Biogenic Limestone (Calcium Carbonate - CaCO3)

Amber

Succinite (C10H16O)

Olivine (likely Peridot variety)

Olivine Mineral Group (specifically Forsterite-Fayalite solid solution series); Chemical formula: (Mg,Fe)2SiO4

Pearl

Pearl (Calcium Carbonate with organic conchiolin, CaCO3)

Metal Alloy (Likely Pewter or Sterling Silver)

Not a natural geological specimen; composed of refined metals. If pewter, it's a tin-based alloy. If sterling silver, it's 92.5% silver and 7.5% other metals (usually copper).

Jasper and Quartz River Pebble

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with impurities

Quartz (likely Rose Quartz or Milky Quartz based on color)

Quartz (SiO2 - Silicon Dioxide)