Sedimentary (Fossilized)

Fossilized oyster shell / oyster reef limestone

Predominantly calcite (CaCO₃), commonly fossil bivalve shells such as Ostrea or Crassostrea; matrix is bioclastic limestone

Jasper

Silicon Dioxide (Microcrystalline Quartz, SiO2)

Jasper (likely Kambaba or Crocodile Jasper variety)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with inclusions

Petoskey Stone (Fossilized Coral)

Hexagonaria percarinata (CaCO3)

Fossilized Oyster (Devil's Toenail)

Gryphaea (extinct genus of bivalve mollusks)

Mookaite Jasper

Silicified Radiolarite (SiO2)

Fossil Shark Tooth (Cretaceous white shark type)

Squalicorax (commonly known as Crow Shark)

Amber

Succinite (specifically for Baltic amber; fossilized tree resin)

Fossilized shell-bearing limestone

Bioclastic limestone, likely molluscan/coquina limestone (calcite, CaCO₃)

Fossilized bone fragment, possibly dinosaur or large mammal bone

Fossil bone; mineralized apatite (carbonate-fluorapatite), commonly Ca₅(PO₄)₃(F,OH)

Crinoid Marble (Fossilized Limestone)

Crinoidal Limestone (comprising Calcite/Aragonite CaCO3)

Petrified Coral (Agatized Coral)

Anthozoa (Agatized Fossil)

Fossilized Shark Tooth (Otodus obliquus)

Otodus obliquus (Mineralized Apatite / Bio-apatite)

Fossilized tooth or bone fragment

Indeterminate fossil; possibly a small fossil tooth or mineralized bone, exact identification requires microscopy

Fossilized Bone (Petrified Bone)

Permineralized Bone Fossil

Polished fossilized wood (petrified wood), likely agatized

Silicified wood; predominantly microcrystalline quartz/chalcedony (SiO₂), with iron-oxide coloration

Sandstone (with Iron Staining)

Clastic sedimentary rock (primarily SiO2 with Fe2O3 staining)

Fossiliferous Shale or Slate with Plant Fossils

Fossil-bearing argillaceous rock

Fossilized Echinoid (Sea Urchin)

Echinoidea (Class), often found as calcitic fossils

Mookaite Jasper

Mookaite (variety of Chert/Jasper), Silicon Dioxide - SiO2

Fossil Coral (Rugose)

Rugosa (Order), often preserved in Limestone (CaCO3)

Fossilized bone or tooth fragment

Mineralized vertebrate bone; exact taxon indeterminate from image

Fossilized tooth, likely a mammalian tooth fragment

Indeterminate fossil tooth; possibly an ungulate or carnivoran tooth

Belemnite Fossil (Guardsman Fossil)

Belemnitella spp. (Rostrum)

Likely vertebra fossil or bone fragment

Indeterminate fossilized vertebra; mineralized hydroxyapatite, commonly Ca₅(PO₄)₃(OH)

Fossilized bone fragment, possibly mammalian long bone

Mineralized bone (commonly apatite, Ca₅(PO₄)₃(OH,F,Cl), replacing original bone)

Petrified Bone (Fossil Bone)

Per mineralization fossil bone (varies by organism, predominantly replacement by SiO2 - Quartz/Chalcedony)

Fossilized wood (petrified wood)

Silicified wood; commonly quartz or chalcedony replacing wood tissue

Fossilized Wood (Petrified Wood) and Associated Rocks

Silicified Wood / Xylopal

Amber

Succinite (specifically for Baltic amber; general formula C10H16O)

Fossilized Crinoid Stem in Limestone

Crinoidea (Class) in Calcium Carbonate (CaCO3) matrix

Sandstone (likely Fossilized Wood or Concrete Simulacrum)

Arenite / Silicified Wood / Anthropogenic Concrete

Fossil Coral (Petoskey Stone or Favosites)

Favosites (specifically Hexagonaria percarinata if silica-replaced Michigan type)

Fossilized tooth or tooth fragment

Indeterminate vertebrate tooth; possibly a fossil shark tooth (Carcharodon/Carcharocles)

Petrified Wood

Silicified Wood / Xylopal

Fossil Shark Tooth

Carcharocles (Otodus) sp. or similar fossilized Chondrichthyes tooth

Fossilized bivalve shell fragment

Fossil Mollusca, likely a pectinid or related bivalve; exact identification requires the other shell half and locality

Polished fossilized wood (likely petrified wood)

Silicified wood; commonly quartz (SiO₂) replacing wood tissue

Fossilized bone or tooth fragment

Indeterminate fossil bone; possibly mammalian or reptilian

Fossilized bone fragment (probable mammalian tooth or bone)

Mineralized bone, commonly hydroxyapatite [Ca5(PO4)3(OH)] replaced or impregnated by silica/calcite

Amber

Succinicum (Formula: C10H16O)

Fossilized bone or tooth fragment

Indeterminate vertebrate fossil; likely permineralized bone, possibly a large mammal or marine vertebrate