Sedimentary Like (Industrial Composite)

Garnet (Red Garnet)

Garnet Group. The red varieties seen in jewelry are typically Almandine (Fe3Al2(SiO4)3), Pyrope (Mg3Al2(SiO4)3), or a mix of the two (pyrope-almandine series).

Copper Ore (likely Malachite or Chrysocolla staining)

Copper Secondary Mineral (e.g., Cu2CO3(OH)2)

Vesicular Rhyolite

Extrusive igneous rock (high-silica rhyolite)

Anthracite Coal

Anthracite (Carbon-based organic sedimentary rock exposed to metamorphic heat/pressure; Chemical composition is approximately 86%–98% Carbon)

Coal

Carbonaceous sedimentary rock (C)

Vesicular Basalt (Pumice-like)

Vesicular Basalt

Jasper / Chert (Red)

Cryptocrystalline quartz (SiO2)

Glass Nugget (Tumbled Glass)

Amorphous Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with additives

Tourmaline (Multi-colored)

Complex Borosilicate (Na,Ca)(Li,Mg,Al,Fe)3Al6(BO3)3Si6O18(OH)4

Ruby

Corundum (Aluminium Oxide with Chromium impurities, Al2O3:Cr)

Chalcedony (Agate)

Cryptocrystalline Quartz (SiO2)

Diamond (or Diamond Simulant)

Carbon (C) if diamond, various if simulant (e.g., Cubic Zirconia ZrO2)

Bog Iron (Limonite Concretion)

Limonite (FeO(OH)·nH2O)

Mica Sand / Vermiculite

Phyllosilicate group (typically Biotite or Muscovite)

Agate

Silicon Dioxide (Chalcedony), SiO2

Quartz with Hematite

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with Ferric Oxide (Fe2O3)

Limestone

Sedimentary rock composed primarily of Calcium Carbonate (CaCO3)

Quartz (Chalcedony)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Anthracite Coal

Anthracite (Carbon based fossil fuel)

Ferrosilicon Slag (Industrial Vitrified Glass)

Vitreous Silicate Residue

Hematite Nodule

Hematite (Alpha Fe2O3)

Slag

Anthropogenic Vitrophyre (Iron or Smelting Slag)

Ruby

Corundum (Al2O3)

Marble

Recrystallized Calcite (CaCO3)

Quartz Geode (Water-worn)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Aragonite Star Cluster (or Aragonite Sputnik)

Aragonite (Orthorhombic Calcium Carbonate, CaCO3)

Chalcedony (Agate/Jasper mix in host rock)

Chalcedony (cryptocrystalline Silicon Dioxide, SiO2)

Garnet Schist

Almandine-Muscovite Schist

Smoky Quartz

Smoky Quartz (Silicon Dioxide, SiO2)

Serpentine / Antigorite

Mg3Si2O5(OH)4 (Serpentine Group)

Garnet (Tumbled)

Almandine / Pyrope Garnet (Fe3Al2(SiO4)3 to Mg3Al2(SiO4)3)

Orange Calcite

Calcium Carbonate (CaCO3)

White Agate (Chalcedony)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Orange Calcite

Calcium Carbonate (CaCO3)

Limestone (Weathered)

Sedimentary Carbonate Rock (CaCO3)

White Howlite

Howlite (Calcium borosilicate hydroxide, Ca2B5SiO9(OH)5)

Blue Glass or Slag Glass

Amorphous Silica (Anthropogenic Glass)

Almandine Garnet

Fe3Al2(SiO4)3

Limestone

Calcium Carbonate (CaCO3)

Diabase

Diabase (also known as Dolerite)

Pegmatite

Igneous Pegmatite

Pegmatite (with Muscovite Mica and Quartz)

Granitic Pegmatite (chiefly KAlSi3O8, SiO2, and KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2)