Sedimentary Rock (Possibly A Conglomerate Or Coarse Grained Sandstone)

Turquoise

Hydrated phosphate of copper and aluminium (CuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8·4H2O)

Banded Sandstone (Differential Weathering)

Clastic Sedimentary Rock (primarily SiO2)

Sandstone Concretion with Fossil Wood

Ferruginous Sandstone Concretion (SiO2 with Fe2O3 cement)

Banded Gneiss

Gneiss (High-grade regional metamorphic rock)

Quartzite (River Cobble)

Quartzite (SiO2)

Granite

Phaneritic Igneous Rock (composed primarily of Quartz, Alkali Feldspar, and Plagioclase)

Pyrite in Shale

Iron Sulfide (FeS2) in Argillaceous Shale

Fossiliferous Chert (with Brachiopod or Mollusk fragments)

Silicon dioxide (SiO2) with Calcium Carbonate (CaCO3) inclusions

Slate

Foliated Metamorphic Rock (composed primarily of Quartz, Muscovite, and Illite)

Red Jasper

Jasper (Silicon Dioxide based crypto-crystalline Quartz with Iron inclusions)

River Quartz Pitting / Quartzite Pebble

Quartzite (primarily SiO2)

Orange Quartzite (River Pebble)

Quartzite (SiO2 with Iron Oxide inclusions)

Druzy Quartz on Matrix (likely Limestone or Sandstone)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with various trace impurities

Slate

Slate (Foliated Metamorphic Rock)

Banded Gneiss

Gneiss (High-grade metamorphic rock typically composed of Quartz, Feldspar, and Mica)

River Stone / Siltstone

Siltstone (composed of lithified silt)

Red Shale

Lutite (primarily composed of Hydrous Aluminum Silicates with Hematite staining)

Quartz Veined Siltstone or Graywacke

Clastic Sedimentary Rock with Quartz (SiO2) veining

Quartz-veined Siltstone

Siltstone with Quartz (SiO2) veins

Limestone

Sedimentary rock composed of Calcium Carbonate (CaCO3)

Moqui Marble (Shaman Stone)

Ironstone Concretion (Fe2O3) - primarily Hematite or Goethite shell with Sandstone core

Glauconitic Sandstone (Greensand)

Glauconitic quartz wacke or arenite

River Pebble (likely Quartzite or Chert)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Limestone

Calcium Carbonate (CaCO3)

Ironstone (Limonitic Shale)

Ferruginous Siltstone / Goethite-rich Sedimentary Rock

Quartz Veinated Sandstone or Siltstone

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) within a clastic sedimentary matrix

Banded Chert (Jasper)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Jasper (Red Jasper)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO₂)

Quartz

Silicon Dioxide (SiO₂)

Fossiliferous Limestone (Crinoidal Limestone)

Biogenic Limestone (Calcium Carbonate, CaCO3)

Bauxite / Iron-rich Laterite

Laterite (principally Al(OH)3, Fe2O3, and SiO2)

Orbicular Rhyolite (Rainforest Jasper)

Rhyolite containing Spherulites (SiO2 with impurities)

Shale

Fissile mudrock (composed of clay-sized particles and detrital grains)

Quartz (likely tumbled or naturally water-worn)

Quartz (SiO₂ - Silicon Dioxide)

Sandstone (with ripple marks)

Arenite (SiO2 primarily)

Pink Quartz (Inclusion-rich Quartzite)

SiO2 (Silicon Dioxide) with Iron Oxide / Hematite inclusions

Concretion or Geode (unbroken)

Varied (depending on mineral composition and cementing agent). For quartz-lined geodes, the scientific name of the dominant mineral would be Quartz (SiO2). For calcite-lined geodes, Calcite (CaCO3). Concretions are often composed of cryptocrystalline quartz (chert), calcite, or iron oxides.

Jasper (Red Jasper with Quartz veins)

Jasper (Silicon Dioxide, SiO2)

Quartzite Pebble (Beach Pebble)

Quartzite (primarily SiO2)

Quartz

Quartz (SiO2 - Silicon Dioxide)

Basalt River Stone

Basalt (Aphanitic Mafic Igneous Rock)

Glauconitic Sandstone (Greensand)

Glauconitic Sandstone (Iron-potassium phyllosilicate mineral: (K,Na)(Fe3+,Al,Mg)2(Si,Al)4O10(OH)2)