Synthetic Glass (Man Made)

Asphalt Concrete (Bituminous Pavement)

Aggregates in Bitumen Matrix

Slag

Glassy silicate byproduct (anthropogenic material)

Quartz (Engineered Stone Countertop)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with polymer resins

Aluminum Slag

Anthropogenic Aluminum (Al)

Raw quartz crystal

Quartz (silicon dioxide, SiO₂), likely milky or included quartz

Blue-green cabochon, likely chalcedony or treated glass imitation

Cryptocrystalline quartz (chalcedony/possibly chrysoprase); identification uncertain from image

Pearls (likely freshwater cultured pearls)

Pearl: nacre, primarily aragonite (CaCO₃) with conchiolin

Synthetic Resin (Artificial Specimen)

Polyurethane or Polyester Resin

Agate and millefiori glass jewelry

Agate: microcrystalline quartz (SiO₂); millefiori element appears to be man-made glass

Goldstone (Red)

Aventurine Glass

Titanium Aura Quartz

Titanium-coated Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Asphalt Concrete

Bituminous Concrete (Anthropic Rock)

Chert (Chalky Flint Node)

Chert (Microcrystalline Quartz, SiO2)

Concrete fragment with Aggregate

Anthropogenic Concrete with Calcarious and Siliceous Aggregate

Obsidian (likely black volcanic glass)

Obsidian; primarily amorphous volcanic silica glass, approximately SiO₂-rich rhyolitic composition

Fluorite (Polished Point/Tower)

Calcium Fluoride (CaF2)

Polished black pebble, possibly obsidian

Volcanic glass (obsidian), likely; identification is tentative from the image

Iron-rich slag or ironstone; appearance is not diagnostic

Likely iron-oxide-rich material (hematite, Fe₂O₃, and/or magnetite, Fe₃O₄); possibly smelting slag

Rainbow Hematite Ring

Iron(III) oxide (Fe2O3) with thin-film coating

Concrete with Aggregate

Artificial Conglomerate (Cement and Aggregate)

Tumbled milky quartz

Quartz (silicon dioxide, SiO₂)

Gemstone jewelry ensemble

Likely mixed gemstone and glass-bead jewelry; exact stones cannot be determined from the image

Diamond / Clear Quartz / Glass paste

Carbon (Diamond) / Silicon Dioxide (Quartz)

Iron Slag (Industrial Byproduct)

Anthropogenic Vitrification Product/Ferrous Slag

Polished black stone, likely obsidian

Obsidian (volcanic glass; mostly silica-rich rhyolitic composition)

Concrete / Anthropogenic Conglomerate

Man-made composite material (Portland cement, aggregate, and water)

Terrazzo (Synthetic Composite Rock)

Cementitious or Epoxy Resin-bound Aggregates

Ferrochrome Slag

Anthropogenic slag (Fe-Cr alloy waste)

Green sea glass (likely slag glass or bottle glass)

Man-made soda-lime silicate glass; not a naturally occurring mineral

Blue sea glass or blue glassy mineral fragment

Uncertain; likely man-made soda-lime glass, not a natural mineral

Blue-beaded gemstone jewelry, likely lapis lazuli or dyed blue agate

Uncertain from the image; possible lazurite-bearing lapis lazuli (Na₃Ca(Si₃Al₃)O₁₂S) or blue chalcedony (SiO₂)

Slag

Ferrous Slag (Amorphous calcium-magnesium-aluminum silicates)

White pebble, likely quartz or calcite

Indeterminate from image; possible microcrystalline quartz (SiO₂) or calcite (CaCO₃)

Diamond

Native Carbon (C)

Conglomerate

Conglomerate (clastic sedimentary rock)

Green glassy mineral fragment, possibly fluorite

Fluorite (calcium fluoride, CaF₂), tentative identification

Goldstone (likely red/brown aventurine glass)

Man-made aventurine glass; copper-bearing silicate glass (not a natural mineral)

Aluminum Slag

Anthropogenic Aluminum (Al)

Dzi Bead (Etched Chalcedony)

Cryptocrystalline Quartz (SiO2) with chemical etching

Unidentified polished dark gemstone cabochon

Possibly hematite, obsidian, jet, or dark agate; image insufficient for a definitive identification

Slag (Industrial Glass/Glassy Rock)

Anthropogenic Vitreous Material

Concrete / Conglomerate (Man-made)

Artificial Conglomerate (Cementitious Composite)